Υ

1. Upsilon, 20th letter of the Greek alphabet. 2. Symbol for kinematic viscosity.

U
U

1. Abbreviation for unit. 2. Symbol for kilurane; uranium; uridine in polymers; uracil; urinary concentration, followed by subscripts indicating location and chemical species.

U
U

Symbol for internal energy.

ubihydroquinone
ubihydroquinone (u′bi-hi-dro-qui′non)

SYN: ubiquinol.

ubiquinol
ubiquinol (QH₂, H₂Q) (u′bi-kwi′nol, u-bik′wi-nol)

The reduction product of a ubiquinone. SYN: ubihydroquinone.

ubiquinone
ubiquinone (u′bi-kwi′non, u-bik′wi-non)

A 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone with a multiprenyl side chain; a mobile component of electron transport. SEE ALSO: coenzyme Q.

ubiquinone-6
ubiquinone-6 (-Q₆)

Ubiquinone-30; coenzyme Q₆;2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-hexaprenyl-1,4 benzoquinone.

ubiquinone-10
ubiquinone-10 (-Q₁₀)

Ubiquinone-50; coenzyme Q₁₀;2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone.

ubiquitin
ubiquitin (oo-bik′kwi-tin)

A small (76 amino acyl residues) protein found in all cells of higher organisms and one whose structure has changed minimally during evolutionary history; involved in at least two processes; histone modification and intracellular protein breakdown.

UDP
UDP

Abbreviation for uridine 5′-diphosphate.

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase

An enzyme that participates in the posttranslational modification of a number of lysosomal proteins; a deficiency or defect in this enzyme results in two forms of mucolipidoses, I-cell disease, and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy.

UDPG
UDPG

Abbreviation for uridine diphosphoglucose.

UDPGal
UDPGal

Abbreviation for uridine diphosphogalactose.

UDPgalactose
UDPgalactose

Uridine diphosphogalactose.

UDPgalactose 4-epimerase
UDPgalactose 4-epimerase

SYN: UDPglucose 4-epimerase.

UDPGlc
UDPGlc

Abbreviation for uridine diphosphoglucose.

UDP-GlcUA
UDP-GlcUA

Abbreviation for uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid.

UDPglucose
UDPglucose

SYN: uridine diphosphoglucose.

UDPglucose 4-epimerase
UDPglucose 4-epimerase

An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible Walden inversion of UDPglucose to UDPgalactose; a deficiency of this enzyme is associated with one type of galactosemia. SYN: UDPgalactose 4-epimerase, uridine diphosphoglucose 4-epimerase.

UDPglucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
UDPglucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction of α-d-glucose 1-phosphate UDPgalactose to produce UDPglucose and α-d-galactose 1-phosphate. SEE ALSO: UDPglucose 4-epimerase. SYN: hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, phosphogalactoisomerase.

UDPglucuronate-bilirubinglucuronoside glucuronosyltransferase
UDPglucuronate-bilirubinglucuronoside glucuronosyltransferase

SYN: UDPglucuronate-bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase.

UDPglucuronate-bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase
UDPglucuronate-bilirubin glucuronosyltransferase

Hepatic transferases that catalyze the transfer of the glucuronic moiety of UDP-glucuronic acid to bilirubin or bilirubin glucuronide, thus producing UDP and either bilirubin-glucoronoside or bilirubin bisglucuronoside, respectively; these bile conjugates are then secreted into the bile. SYN: UDPglucuronate-bilirubinglucuronoside glucuronosyltransferase.

UDPxylose
UDPxylose

A sugar derivative in which a pyrophosphate group links the 5′ position of uridine and the 1-position of d-xylose; formed by the decarboxylation of UDPglucuronic acid; required for the synthesis of proteoglycans; inhibits UDPglucose dehydrogenase.

Uehlinger
Uehlinger

E., Swiss pathologist, *1899. See Meyenburg-Altherr-U. syndrome.

UFA
UFA

Abbreviation for unesterified free fatty acid.

Uffelmann
Uffelmann

Jules A.C., German physician, 1837–1894. See U. reagent.

UGI
UGI

Abbreviation for upper gastrointestinal series.

Uhl
Uhl

Henry S.M., U.S. internist, *1921. See U. anomaly.

Uhthoff
Uhthoff

Wilhelm, German ophthalmologist, 1853–1927. See U. sign, U. symptom.

UIP
UIP

Abbreviation for usual interstitial pneumonia of Liebow.

ukambin
ukambin (oo-kam′bin)

An African arrow poison from plants of the family Apocynaceae; a heart poison resembling digitalis or strophanthus in its action.

ulcer
ulcer (ul′ser)

A lesion through the skin or a mucous membrane resulting from loss of tissue, usually with inflammation. See erosion. SYN: ulcus. [L. ulcus (u.-), a sore, u.]
acute decubitus u. a severe form of bedsore, of neurotrophic origin, occurring in hemiplegia or paraplegia.
anastomotic u. an u. of jejunum, after gastroenterostomy.
Buruli u. an u. of the skin, with widespread necrosis of subcutaneous fat, due to infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans; occurs in Uganda in persons living on the Nile river banks. [Buruli, district in Uganda]
chrome u. an u. of the extremities or nasal septum produced by exposure to chromium compounds. SYN: tanner's u..
chronic u. a longstanding u. with fibrous scar tissue in the floor of the u..
stress u. an u. of the duodenum in a patient with extensive superficial burns, intracranial lesions, or severe bodily injury. SYN: Curling u..
decubitus u. a chronic u. that appears in pressure areas of skin overlying a bony prominence in debilitated patients confined to bed or otherwise immobilized, due to a circulatory defect. SYN: bedsore, decubital gangrene, hospital gangrene, pressure gangrene, pressure sore, pressure u..
dendritic corneal u. keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus.
dental u. an u. on the oral mucuous membrane caused by biting or by rubbing against the edge of a broken tooth.
diphtheritic u. an u. covered with a gray adherent membrane, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
distention u. an u. of the intestine in the dilated part above a stricture.
elusive u. SYN: Hunner u..
fascicular u. a localized vascularization of the cornea to the site of a corneal u..
Fenwick-Hunner u. SYN: Hunner u..
Gaboon u. a form of tropical u. affecting the residents of this region; it resembles a syphilitic u., especially in the appearance of its scar. [Gaboon, a region in Africa]
gastric u. an u. of the stomach.
gravitational u. a chronic u. of the leg with impaired healing because of the dependent position of the extremity and the incompetence of the valves in the deep venous system of the leg and thigh; the venous return stagnates and creates hypoxemia. SEE ALSO: varicose u..
gummatous u. lesion of the skin occurring in late syphilis.
hard u. SYN: chancre.
healed u. an u. covered by epithelial regeneration, beneath which there may be scarring and absence of glands or appendages.
herpetic u. u. caused by herpes simplex virus.
Hunner u. a focal and often multiple lesion involving all layers of the bladder wall in chronic interstitial cystitis; the surface epithelium is destroyed by inflammation and the initially pale lesion cracks and bleeds with distention of the bladder. SYN: elusive u., Fenwick-Hunner u..
hypopyon u. 1. an advancing central suppurative u. of the cornea; SEE ALSO: hypopyon. 2. a corneal u. with pus in the anterior chamber;
indolent u. a chronic u., with hard elevated edges and few or no granulations, and showing no tendency to heal.
inflamed u. an u. with a purulent discharge and inflamed borders.
Mann-Williamson u. Mann-Williamson operation.
marginal ring u. of cornea a slowly advancing intermittent u. involving the circumference of the corneal margin.
Marjolin u. well-differentiated but aggressive squamous cell carcinoma occurring in cicatricial tissue at the epidermal edge of a sinus draining underlying osteomyelitis.
Meleney u. undermining u. of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by a synergistic infection by microaerophilic nonhemolytic streptococci and aerobic hemolytic staphylococci. SYN: Meleney gangrene, progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene.
Mooren u. chronic inflammation of the peripheral cornea that slowly progresses centrally with corneal thinning and sometimes perforation.
Oriental u. the lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
penetrating u. an u. extending into deeper tissues of an organ.
peptic u. an u. of the alimentary mucosa, usually in the stomach or duodenum, exposed to acid gastric secretion.
perforated u. an u. extending through the wall of an organ.
perforating u. of foot a round, deep, trophic u. of the sole of the foot, following disease or injury, in any part of its course from the center to the periphery of the nerve supplying the part.
phagedenic u. a rapidly spreading u. attended by the formation of extensive sloughing. SYN: sloughing u..
phlegmonous u. a u. accompanied by inflammation of the neighboring tissues.
pressure u. SYN: decubitus u..
recurrent aphthous ulcers SYN: aphtha (2) .
ring u. of cornea inflammation of the greater part or the whole of the corneal periphery.
rodent u. historic term for a slowly enlarging ulcerated basal cell carcinoma, usually on the face.
Saemisch u. a form of serpiginous keratitis, frequently accompanied by hypopyon.
serpent u. of cornea SYN: serpiginous keratitis.
serpiginous u. an u. extending on one side while healing at the opposite edge, forming an undulating margin.
serpiginous corneal u. serpentine ulceration of the cornea, due to infection, most often with Streptococcus pneumoniae.
simple u. a local, not constitutional, u. not accompanied by marked pain or inflammation.
sloughing u. SYN: phagedenic u..
soft u. SYN: chancroid.
stasis u. SYN: varicose u..
stercoral u. an u. of the colon due to pressure and irritation of retained fecal masses.
stomal u. an intestinal u. occurring after gastrojejunostomy in the jejunal mucosa near the opening (stoma) between the stomach and the jejunum.
Curling u. SYN: stress u..
Sutton u. a solitary, deep, painful u. of the buccal or genital mucous membrane.
syphilitic u. 1. SYN: chancre. 2. any ulceration caused by a syphilitic infection.
Syriac u., Syrian u. old names for diphtheria.
tanner's u. SYN: chrome u..
trophic u. u. resulting from cutaneous sensory denervation. SEE ALSO: perforating u. of foot. SYN: trophic gangrene.
tropical u. 1. the lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis; SYN: tropical sore. SEE ALSO: cutaneous leishmaniasis. 2. tropical phagedenic ulceration caused by a variety of microorganisms, including mycobacteria; common in northern Nigeria.
undermining u. a chronic cutaneous u. with overhanging margins; due to hemolytic streptococci, tubercle bacilli, or other bacteria.
varicose u. the loss of skin surface in the drainage area of a varicose vein, usually in the leg, resulting from stasis and infection. SEE ALSO: gravitational u.. SYN: stasis u., venous u..
venereal u. SYN: chancroid.
venous u. SYN: varicose u..
Zambesi u. an u., usually single, about 3 cm in diameter, on the foot or leg, occurring in laborers in the Zambesi Delta; it has a sloughing surface, but does not spread and produces no constitutional symptoms or glandular enlargement; it is associated with the presence of a spirillum and a large fusiform bacillus; one attack seems to confer a partial immunity.

ulcerate
ulcerate (ul′ser-at)

To form an ulcer.

ulcerated
ulcerated (ul′ser-at-ed)

Having undergone ulceration.

ulceration
ulceration (ul-ser-a′shun)

1. The formation of an ulcer. 2. An ulcer or aggregation of ulcers.
tracheal u. erosion of the tracheal mucous membrane with, in some cases, exposure of the cartilaginous rings, at the site at which a cuffed tracheostomy tube has been present for some time.

ulcerative
ulcerative (ul′ser-a-tiv)

Relating to, causing, or marked by an ulcer or ulcers.

ulcerogenic
ulcerogenic (ul′ser-o-jen′ik)

Ulcer-producing.

ulceroglandular
ulceroglandular (ul′ser-o-gland′u-lar)

Denoting a local ulceration at a site of infection followed by regional or generalized lymphadenopathy.

ulceromembranous
ulceromembranous (ul′ser-o-mem′bra-nus)

Relating to or characterized by ulceration and the formation of a false membrane.

ulcus
ulcus, pl .ulcera (ul′kus, ul′ser-a)

SYN: ulcer. [L.]

ule- ule-

See ulo-.

ulegyria
ulegyria (u′le-ji′re-a)

A defect of the cerebral cortex characterized by narrow and distorted gyri; may be congenital or the result of scars. [G. oule, scar, + gyros, ring]

ulerythema
ulerythema (oo′ler-i-the′ma)

Scarring with erythema. [G. oule, scar, + erythema, redness of the skin]
u. ophryogenes folliculitis of the eyebrows resulting in scarring and alopecia.

ulex europaeus
ulex europaeus (oo-leks oor′o-pa-us)

A lectin that reacts specifically with α-l-fucose, used as a marker for endothelial cells in paraffin sections.

Ullmann
Ullmann

Emerich, Hungarian surgeon, 1861–1937. See U. line, U. syndrome.

Ullrich
Ullrich

Otto, German physician, 1894–1957. See Morquio-U. disease.

ulna
ulna, gen. and pl. ulnae (ul′na, ul′ne) [TA]

The medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm. SYN: cubitus (2) [TA] . [L. elbow, arm, fr. G. olene]

ulnad
ulnad (ul′nad)

In a direction toward the ulna. [ulna + L. ad, to]

ulnar
ulnar (ul′nar) [TA]

Relating to the ulna, or to any of the structures ( e.g., artery, nerve) named from it; relating to the u. or medial aspect of the upper limb. SYN: ulnaris [TA] .

ulnaris
ulnaris (ul-na′ris) [TA]

SYN: ulnar. [Mod. L.]

ulnen
ulnen (ul′nen)

Relating to the ulna independent of other structures. [ulna + G. en, in]

ulnocarpal
ulnocarpal (ul′no-kar′pal)

Relating to the ulna and the carpus, or to the ulnar side of the wrist.

ulnoradial
ulnoradial (ul′no-ra′de-al)

Relating to both ulna and radius; denoting the two articulations, ligaments, etc., between them.

ulo- ulo-, ule-

1. Scar, scarring. [G. oule] 2. The gums. SEE ALSO: gingivo-. [G. oulon] 3. Curly. [G. oulo-, ouli-, woolly.]

uloid
uloid (u′loyd)

1. Resembling a scar. 2. A scarlike lesion due to a degenerative process in deeper layers of skin. [G. oule, scar + eidos, resemblance]

ulotrichous
ulotrichous (u-lot′ri-kus)

Having curly hair. Cf.:leiotrichous. [G. oulotrichos, curly haired, fr. oulos, wooly, + thrix (trich-), hair]

ultimobranchial
ultimobranchial (ul′ti-mo-brang′ke-al)

In embryology, relating to the caudal-most pharyngeal pouch. [L. ultimus, last, + G. branchia, gills]

ultimum moriens
ultimum moriens (ul′ti-mum mor′i-enz)

The right atrium of the heart, said to contract after the rest of the heart is still. [L. the last thing dying]

ultra- ultra-

Excess, exaggeration, beyond. [L. beyond]

ultrabrachycephalic
ultrabrachycephalic (ul-tra-brak-e-se-fal′ik)

Denoting an extremely short skull, one with an index of at least 90.

ultracentrifugation
ultracentrifugation (ul-tra-sen′tri-fu-ga-shun)

The process of subjecting to an ultracentrifuge.

ultracentrifuge
ultracentrifuge (ul′tra-sen′tri-fuj)

A high-speed centrifuge (up to 100,000 rpm) by means of which large molecules, e.g., of protein or nucleic acids, are caused to sediment at practicable rates; used for determinations of molecular weights, separation of large molecules, criteria of homogeneity of large molecules, conformational studies, etc.

ultracytostome
ultracytostome (ul-tra-si′to-stom)

Former name for micropore. [ultra- + G. kytos, cell, + stoma, mouth]

ultradian
ultradian (ul-tra′de-an)

Relating to biologic variations or rhythms occurring in cycles more frequent than every 24 hours. Cf.:circadian, infradian. [ultra- + L. dies, day]

ultradolichocephalic
ultradolichocephalic (ul-tra-dol-i-ko-se-fal′ik)

Denoting a very long skull, one with a cephalic index of less than 65.

ultrafilter
ultrafilter (ul′tra-fil-ter)

A semipermeable membrane (collodion, fish bladder, or filter paper impregnated with gels) used as a filter to separate colloids and large molecules from water and small molecules, which pass through.

ultrafiltration
ultrafiltration (ul′tra-fil-tra′shun)

Filtration through a semipermeable membrane or any filter that separates colloid solutions from crystalloids or separates particles of different size in a colloid mixture.

ultraligation
ultraligation (ul-tra-li-ga′shun)

Ligation of a blood vessel beyond the point where a branch is given off.

ultramicroscope
ultramicroscope (ul-tra-mi′kro-skop)

A microscope that utilizes refracted light for visualizing objects not visible with the ordinary microscope when direct light is used.

ultramicroscopic
ultramicroscopic (ul′tra-mi-kro-skop′ik)

SYN: submicroscopic.

ultramicrotome
ultramicrotome (ul-tra-mi′kro-tom)

A microtome used in cutting sections 0.1 μm thick, or less, for electron microscopy.

ultramicrotomy
ultramicrotomy (ul′tra-mi-krot′o-me)

The cutting of ultrathin sections for electron microscopy by use of an ultramicrotome.

ultrasonic
ultrasonic (ul-tra-son′ik)

Relating to energy waves similar to those of sound but of higher frequencies (above 30,000 Hz). [ultra- + L. sonus, sound]

ultrasonics
ultrasonics (ul-tra-son′iks)

The science and technology of ultrasound, its characteristics and phenomena.

ultrasonogram
ultrasonogram (ul-tra-son′o-gram)

The image obtained by ultrasonography. SEE ALSO: echogram. SYN: sonogram.

ultrasonograph
ultrasonograph (ul′tra-son′o-graf)

Computerized instrument used to create an image using ultrasound. SYN: sonograph. [ultra- + L. sonus, sound, + G. grapho, to write]

ultrasonographer
ultrasonographer (ul′tra-so-nog′ra-fer)

A person who performs and/or interprets ultrasonographic examinations. SYN: echographer, sonographer.

ultrasonography
ultrasonography (ul′tra-so-nog′ra-fe)

The location, measurement, or delineation of deep structures by measuring the reflection or transmission of high frequency or ultrasonic waves. Computer calculation of the distance to the sound-reflecting or absorbing surface plus the known orientation of the sound beam gives a two-dimensional image. SEE ALSO: ultrasound. SYN: echography, sonography. [ultra- + L. sonus, sound, + G. grapho, to write]
Doppler u. application of the Doppler effect in ultrasound to detect movement of scatterers (usually red blood cells) by the analysis of the change in frequency of the returning echoes.In many settings, ultrasound has supplanted x-radiography as the imaging method of choice, because it poses no known risk to patients and is noninvasive and of moderate cost. Doppler-created ultrasound makes possible real-time viewing of tissues, blood flow, and organs that cannot be observed by any other method. It is particularly valuable in cardiology and obstetrics.
duplex u. the combination of real-time and Doppler u..
endovaginal u. pelvic u. using a probe inserted into the vagina.
gray-scale u. the display of the ultrasound echo amplitude or signal intensity as different shades of gray, improving image quality compared to the obsolete black and white presentation.
real-time u. rapid serial ultrasound images produced using a phased array or scanning transducer; produces a video display of organ motion, such as heart valve or fetal motion.

ultrasonosurgery
ultrasonosurgery (ul′tra-son-o-ser′jer-e)

Use of ultrasound techniques to disrupt cells, tissues, or tracts, particularly in the central nervous system.

ultrasound
ultrasound (ul′tra-sownd)

Sound having a frequency greater than 30,000 Hz.
diagnostic u. the use of u. to obtain images for medical diagnostic purposes, employing frequencies ranging from 1.6 to about 10 MHz.
obstetric u. use of diagnostic u. during pregnancy.

ultrastructure
ultrastructure (ul-tra-struk′choor)

Structures or particles seen with the electron microscope. SYN: fine structure.

ultratherm
ultratherm (ul′tra-therm)

A short-wave diathermy machine. [ultra- + G. therme, heat]

ultraviolet
ultraviolet (ul-tra-vi′o-let)

Denoting electromagnetic rays at higher frequency than the violet end of the visible spectrum.
u. A (UVA) u. radiation from 320 to 400 nm that causes skin tanning but is very weakly sunburn-producing and carcinogenic.
u. B (UVB) u. radiation from 290 to 320 nm that most effectively causes sunburning and tanning; excessive UVB exposure is a cause of cancer of fair skin.
u. C u. radiation from 200 to 290 nm; UVC in sunlight does not reach the surface of the earth; germicidal and mercury arc lamps may cause sunburn and photokeratitis.
extravital u. having wavelengths of 2900 to 1850 Å.
intravital u. having wavelengths of 3900 to 3200 Å.

ultromotivity
ultromotivity (ul′tro-mo-tiv′i-te)

Power of spontaneous movement. [L. ultro, beyond, on one's own part + L. motio, movement]

ululation
ululation (oo-loo-la′shun)

Rarely used term for the inarticulate crying of emotionally disturbed persons. [L. ululo, pp. -atus, to howl]

Ulysses
Ulysses

Latin form of Greek mythological character. See U. syndrome.

umbilical
umbilical (um-bil′i-kal)

Relating to the umbilicus. SYN: omphalic.

umbilicate
umbilicate, umbilicated (um-bil′i-kat, -kat-ed)

Of navel shape; pitlike; dimpled. [L. umbilicatus]

umbilication
umbilication (um-bil-i-ka′shun)

1. A pit or navellike depression. 2. Formation of a depression at the apex of a papule, vesicle, or pustule.

umbilicus
umbilicus, pl .umbilici (um-bil′i-kus, um-bi-li-kus; -i-si, -li′ki)

The pit in the center of the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered in the fetus. SYN: belly button, navel. [L. navel]

umbo
umbo, gen. umbonis, pl .umbones (um′bo, -bo-nis, -bo-nes) [TA]

1. [NA] A projecting point of a surface. 2. SYN: u. of tympanic membrane. [L. boss of a shield, a knob]
u. membranae tympani [TA] SYN: u. of tympanic membrane.
u. of tympanic membrane [TA] the projection on the inner surface of the tympanic membrane at the end of the manubrium of the malleus; this corresponds to the most depressed point of the membrane, viewed laterally, that is commonly called the u.. SYN: u. membranae tympani [TA] , u. (2) [TA] .

UMP
UMP

Abbreviation for uridine 5′-monophosphate.

UMP synthase
UMP synthase

SYN: uridylic acid.

un- un-

1. Not, akin to L. in- and G. a-, an-. 2. Reversal, removal, release, deprivation. 3. An intensive action. [M.E.]

uncal
uncal (ung′kal)

Denoting or relating to the uncus.

unci
unci (un′si)

Plural of uncus.

uncia
uncia (un′se-a)

An ounce. [L. a twelfth part, an ounce]

unciform
unciform (un′si-form)

SYN: uncinate. [L. uncus, hook, + forma, form]

unciforme
unciforme (un-si-for′me)

SYN: hamate (bone). [Mod. L. unciform]

Uncinaria
Uncinaria (un-si-nar′e-a)

A genus of nematode hookworms that infect various mammals. Species include U. stenocephala, the European hookworm of dogs, cats, and various wild carnivores, also found in North America, where it is much less common than Ancylostoma caninum, though it has been implicated in human cutaneous larva migrans. [LL. uncinus, a hook]

uncinariasis
uncinariasis (un′si-na-ri′a-sis)

SYN: ancylostomiasis.

uncinate
uncinate (un′si-nat)

1. Hooklike or hook-shaped. 2. Relating to an uncus or, specifically, to the u. gyrus (2) or a process of the pancreas or of a vertebra. SYN: unciform. [L. uncinatus]

uncinatum
uncinatum (un-si-na′tum)

SYN: hamate (bone).

uncipressure
uncipressure (un′si-presh-ur)

Arrest of hemorrhage from a cut artery by pressure with a blunt hook. [L. uncus, hook]

uncomplemented
uncomplemented (un-kom′ple-men-ted)

Not united with complement and therefore inactive.

unconscious
unconscious (un-kon′shus)

1. Not conscious. 2. In psychoanalysis, the psychic structure comprising the drives and feelings of which one is unaware. SYN: insensible (1) .
collective u. in jungian psychology, the combined engrams or memory potentials inherited from an individual's phylogenetic past.

unconsciousness
unconsciousness (un-kon′shus-ness)

An imprecise term for severely impaired awareness of self and the surrounding environment; most often used as a synonym for coma or unresponsiveness.

unco-ossified
unco-ossified (un-ko-os′i-fid)

Not co-ossified; not united into one bone.

uncouplers
uncouplers (un-kup′lerz)

Substances such as dinitrophenol that allow oxidation in mitochondria to proceed without the usual concomitant phosphorylation to produce ATP; these poisons thus “uncouple” oxidation and phosphorylation. SYN: uncoupling factors.

uncovertebral
uncovertebral (un-ko-ver′te-bral)

Pertaining to or affecting the uncinate process of a vertebra.

unction
unction (ungk′shun)

The action of anointing or rubbing with an ointment or oil. [L. unctio, fr. ungo, pp. unctus, to anoint]

unctuous
unctuous (ungk′shoo-us, -choo-us)

Greasy or oily. [L. unctuosus, fr. unctio, unction]

uncture
uncture (unk′choor)

SYN: ointment.

uncus
uncus, pl .unci (un′kus, un′si) [TA]

1. Any hook-shaped process or structure. 2. The anterior, hooked extremity of the parahippocampal gyrus on the basomedial surface of the temporal lobe; the anterior face of the u. corresponds to the olfactory cortex, its ventral surface to the entorhinal area; deep to the u. lies the amygdala (amygdaloid body). SYN: uncinate gyrus, u. gyri parahippocampalis. [L. a hook, fr. G. onkos]
u. gyri parahippocampalis SYN: u. (2) .

undecenoic acid
undecenoic acid (un′des-e-no′ik)

SYN: undecylenic acid.

undecoylium chloride
undecoylium chloride (un-de-ko-il′e-um)

A topical antiseptic.

undecoylium chloride-iodine
undecoylium chloride-iodine

A complex of iodine with undecoylium chloride; a cationic detergent used topically as a germicidal agent.

undecylenate
undecylenate (un-des′i-li-nat)

A salt of undecylenic acid.

undecylenic acid
undecylenic acid (un-des-i-len′ik)

An acid present in small amounts in sweat; used with its zinc salt in ointments, or as a powder in the treatment of fungus diseases of the skin, psoriasis, and certain other cutaneous affections. SYN: undecenoic acid.

underachievement
underachievement (un′der-a-chev′ment)

Failure to achieve as well as one's abilities would seem to allow.

underachiever
underachiever (un′der-a-chev′er)

One who manifests underachievement.

underbite
underbite (un′der-bit)

A nontechnical term applied to mandibular underdevelopment or to excessive maxillary development.

undercut
undercut (un′der-kut)

1. That portion of a tooth that lies between the survey line (height of contour) and the gingivae. 2. The contour of a cross-section of a residual ridge or dental arch which would prevent the insertion of a denture. 3. The contour of a flasking stone which interlocks in such a way as to prevent the separation of the parts.

underdrive pacing
underdrive pacing (un′der-driv pas′ing)

Electrical stimulation of the heart at a rate lower than that of an existing tachycardia; designed to capture the heart between beats, i.e., to interrupt a reentry pathway in order to terminate the tachycardia.

undernutrition
undernutrition (un′der-noo-tri′shun)

A form of malnutrition resulting from a reduced supply of food or from inability to digest, assimilate, and utilize the necessary nutrients.

undersensing
undersensing (un′der-sen′sing)

Non-sensing of the intracardiac atrial or ventricular depolarization signal by a pacemaker.

undershoot
undershoot (un′der-shoot)

A temporary decrease below the final steady-state value that may occur immediately following the removal of an influence that had been raising that value, i.e., overshoot in a negative direction.

understain
understain (un′der-stan)

To stain less deeply than usual.

underventilation
underventilation (un′der-ven-ti-la′shun)

SYN: hypoventilation.

underwinding
underwinding (un′der-wind′ing)

The effect of negative supercoiling on a structure of DNA.

undifferentiated
undifferentiated (un′dif-er-en′she-a-ted)

Not differentiated; e.g., primitive, embryonic, immature, or having no special structure or function.

undine
undine (un′den, -din)

A small glass flask that was used in irrigation of the conjunctiva. [Mod. L. undina, fr. L. unda, wave]

undiversion
undiversion (un-di-ver′shun)

Surgical restoration of continuity in any organ system, the flow through which had previously been diverted; e.g., between the upper urinary tract and bladder after supravesical urinary diversion.

undoing
undoing (un-doo′ing)

In psychology and psychiatry, an unconscious defense mechanism by which one symbolically acts out in reverse some earlier unacceptable behavior.

undulate
undulate (un′doo-lat)

Having an irregular, wavy border; denoting the shape of a bacterial colony. [Mod. L. undula, dim. of unda, wave]

undulipodium
undulipodium, pl .undulipodia (un′doo-li-po′de-um, -a)

A flexible whiplike intracellular extension of many eukaryotic cells, with a characteristic nine-fold symmetry, an arrangement of nine paired peripheral microtubules and one central pair, often termed 9 + 2 symmetry; it appears to grow out from a basal body (kinetosome) in the cell and is a fundamental component of the eukaryotic cell. Both the cilium and the eukaryotic flagellum (not the bacterial flagellum, which lacks the 9 + 2 pattern) are considered undulipodia. [LL. undulo, to move in waves, fr. L. unda, wave, + Mod.L. podium, fr. G. podion, dim. of pous, foot]

ung
ung

Abbreviation of L. unguentum, ointment.

ungual
ungual (ung′gwal)

Relating to a nail or the nails. SYN: unguinal. [L. unguis, nail]

unguent
unguent (ung′gwent)

SYN: ointment. [L. unguentum]

ungues
ungues (ung′gwez)

Plural of unguis.

Unguiculata
Unguiculata (ung-gwik-u-la′ta)

A division of Mammalia including all mammals having nails or claws, as distinguished from the Ungulata. [L. unguiculus, nail or claw]

unguiculate
unguiculate (ung-gwik′u-lat)

Having nails or claws, as distinguished from hooves.

unguiculus
unguiculus (un-gwik′u-lus)

A small nail or claw. [L. dim. of unguis, nail]

unguinal
unguinal (ung′gwi-nal)

SYN: ungual.

unguis
unguis, pl .ungues (ung′gwis, -gwez) [TA]

SYN: nail (1) . [L.]
u. aduncus SYN: ingrown nail.
u. avis SYN: calcarine spur.
Haller u. SYN: calcarine spur.
u. incarnatus SYN: ingrown nail.

Ungulata
Ungulata (ung-gu-la′ta)

A division of Mammalia containing the mammals with hooves, as distinguished from the Unguiculata.

ungulate
ungulate (ung′gu-lat)

Having hooves. [L. ungulatus, fr. ungula, hoof]

unguligrade
unguligrade (ung′gu-li-grad)

Walking on hooves, as by horses, pigs, and ruminants. [L. ungula, a hoof, + gradus, a step]

uni- uni-

One, single, not paired; corresponds to G. mono-. [L. unus]

uniarticular
uniarticular (u-ne-ar-tik′u-lar)

SYN: monarticular.

uniaxial
uniaxial (oo-ne-ak′se-al)

Having but one axis; growing chiefly in one direction.

unibasal
unibasal (u-ni-ba′sal)

Having but one base.

Uniblue A
Uniblue A (u′ne-bloo) [C.I. 14553]

A protein stain used in electrophoresis.

unicameral
unicameral, unicamerate (oo-ne-kam′e-ral, -kam′e-rat)

SYN: monolocular.

unicellular
unicellular (u-ni-sel′u-lar)

Composed of but one cell, as in the protozoons; for such u. organisms capable of undertaking life processes independently of other cells, the term acellular is also used.

unicentral
unicentral (u-ni-sen′tral)

Having a single center, as of growth or of ossification.

unicorn
unicorn (u′ne-korn)

SYN: unicornous.

unicornous
unicornous (u′ni-kor′nus)

Having one horn, or cornu. SYN: unicorn. [L. unicornis, fr. uni- + cornu, horn]

unicuspid
unicuspid, unicuspidate (u-ni-kus′pid, -kus′pi-dat)

Having only one cusp, as a canine tooth.

unifamilial
unifamilial (u′ne-fa-mil′e-al)

Relating to or occurring in a single family; denoting especially a nervous disease attacking several of the children in the same family in which no hereditary trait is apparent.

uniflagellate
uniflagellate (u-ni-flaj′e-lat)

SYN: monotrichous.

uniforate
uniforate (oo-ni-fo′rat)

Having but one foramen, pore, or opening of any kind.

uniform
uniform (oo′ni-form)

1. Having but one form; not variable in form. 2. Of the same form or shape as another structure or object. [L. uniformis, fr. uni- + forma, form]

unigerminal
unigerminal (u-ni-jer′mi-nal)

Relating to a single germ or ovum, e.g., monozygotic. SYN: monogerminal, monozygotic, monozygous.

uniglandular
uniglandular (oo-ni-glan′doo-lar)

Involving, relating to, or containing but one gland.

unilaminar
unilaminar, unilaminate (oo-ni-lam′i-nar, -lam′i-nat)

Having but one layer or lamina.

unilateral
unilateral (oo-ni-lat′e-ral)

Confined to one side only.

unilobar
unilobar (oo-ni-lo′bar)

Having but one lobe.

unilocal
unilocal (u-ni-lo′kal)

Strictly, denoting a trait in which the genetic component is contributed exclusively by one locus; in practice, any trait in which the contribution from one locus is so large that the data are readily interpreted as mendelian.

unilocular
unilocular (oo-ni-lok′u-lar)

Having but one compartment or cavity, as in a fat cell. [uni- + L. loculus, compartment]

unimolecular
unimolecular (u′ni-mo-lek′u-lar)

Denoting a single molecule. SEE ALSO: molecularity. SYN: monomolecular (1) .

uninuclear
uninuclear, uninucleate (oo-ni-noo′kle-ar, -noo′kle-at)

Having but one nucleus. Cf.:mononuclear.

uniocular
uniocular (u-ni-ok′u-lar)

1. Relating to one eye only. 2. Having vision in only one eye.

union
union (un′yun)

1. Joining or amalgamation of two or more bodies. 2. Structural adhesion or growing together of the edges of a wound. 3. Healing of a fracture represented by the development of continuity between fractured fragments. [L. unus, one]
autogenous u. in dentistry, the u. of two pieces of metal without solder.
faulty u. SYN: fibrous u..
fibrous u. u. of fracture by fibrous tissue. See nonunion. SYN: faulty u..
primary u. SYN: healing by first intention.
secondary u. SYN: healing by second intention.
vicious u. SYN: malunion.

unioval
unioval, uniovular (u-ne-o′val, -ov′u-lar)

Relating to or formed from a single ovum.

unipennate
unipennate (u-ni-pen′at)

semipennate. [uni- + L. penna, feather]

unipolar
unipolar (oo-ni-po′lar)

1. Having but one pole; denoting a nerve cell from which the branches project from one side only. 2. Situated at one extremity only of a cell.

uniport
uniport (u′ni-port)

Transport of a molecule or ion through a membrane by a carrier mechanism (uniporter), without known coupling to any other molecule or ion transport. Cf.:antiport, symport. [uni- + L. porto, to carry]

uniporter
uniporter (u′ni-port-er)

A protein that mediates the transport of one molecule or ion through a membrane without known coupling to the transport of any other molecule or ion.

unipotent
unipotent (u′ni-po′tent)

Referring to those cells that produce a single type of daughter cell; e.g., a u. stem cell. Cf.:pluripotent cells, under cell.

uniseptate
uniseptate (oo-ni-sep′tat)

Having but one septum or partition.

unit
unit (U) (u′nit)

1. One; a single person or thing. 2. A standard of measure, weight, or any other quality, by multiplications or fractions of which a scale or system is formed. 3. A group of persons or things considered as a whole because of mutual activities or functions. SEE ALSO: international u.. [L. unus, one]
absolute u. a u. whose value is constant regardless of place or time and not derived from or dependent on gravitation.
alexin u. SYN: complement u..
Allen-Doisy u. the quantity of estrogen capable of producing in a spayed mouse a characteristic change in the vaginal epithelium, namely, disappearance of leukocytes and appearance of cornified cells, as determined by a vaginal smear; equal approximately to one-half of an estrone u.. SYN: mouse u..
alpha units cytoplasmic glycogen granules arranged in rosettes.
amboceptor u. SYN: hemolysin u..
androgen u. (international) the androgenic activity of 100 μg (0.1 mg) of crystalline androsterone as assayed by the comb growth response in capons.
Ångström u. (Å) Ångström.
antigen u. the smallest amount of antigen that, in the presence of specific antiserum, will fix 1 complement u..
antitoxin u. a u. expressing the strength or activity of an antitoxin; in general, determined with reference to a preserved standard preparation of antitoxin. SEE ALSO: L doses, under dose.
antivenene u. the amount of antivenum which, injected in the ear vein, will protect 1 g weight of rabbit against a fatal dose of snake venom.
atomic mass u. (amu) a u. of mass by definition equal to 112 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12, which equals 1.6605402 × 10⁻²⁷ kg; in terms of energy, 1 amu equals 931.49432 MeV. Cf.:dalton.
base units the fundamental units of length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity in the International System of Units (SI); the names and symbols of the units for these quantities are meter (m), kilogram (kg), second (s), ampere (A), kelvin (K), mole (mol), and candela (cd). SEE ALSO: International System of Units.
Bethesda u. a measure of inhibitor activity: the amount of inhibitor that will inactivate 50% or 0.5 u. of a coagulation factor during the incubation period. [Bethesda, MD]
biological standard u. a specific quantity of biologically active reference material (antibiotic, antitoxin, enzyme, hormone, vitamin, etc.).
bird u. a u. of prolactin activity: the minimal quantity of the hormone which will cause a certain increase in weight of the crop gland of pigeons.
Bodansky u. that amount of phosphatase that liberates 1 mg of phosphorus as inorganic phosphate during the first hour of incubation with a buffered substrate containing sodium β-glycerophosphate.
British thermal u. (BTU) the quantity of heat required to raise 1 lb of water from 3.9°C to 4.4°C; equal to 251.996 calorie or 1055.056 J. SYN: u. of heat (2) .
capon u. amount of androgen needed to produce an increase in the capon comb surface of 20%. SYN: capon-comb u..
capon-comb u. SYN: capon u..
cat u. the dose of a drug (per kilogram of body weight of cat) which is just large enough to kill a cat when administered intravenously; was applied in the standardization of digitalis materials.
centimeter-gram-second u., CGS u., cgs u. an absolute u. of the centimeter-gram-second system.
chlorophyll u. the number of chlorophyll molecules required to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide by photosynthesis.
chorionic gonadotropin u. (international) the specific gonadotropic activity of 0.1 mg of the standard preparation of chorionic gonadotropin originating from the urine or placentas of pregnant women.
Clauberg u. Clauberg test.
colony-forming u. a u. of cells in bone marrow capable of generating or increasing the proliferation of new blood cells.
complement u. the smallest amount (highest dilution) of complement that will cause hemolysis of a u. of red blood cells in the presence of a hemolysin u.. SYN: alexin u..
Corner-Allen u. a u. of progestational activity, measured in rabbits; the minimum dose which, divided into five equal daily portions, produces on the sixth day the uterine changes characteristic of the eighth day of normal pregnancy; the u. has about the same potency as the international u..
coronary care u. (CCU) a group of beds within a hospital set aside for the care of patients having or suspected of having myocardial infarction.
corpus luteum hormone u. SYN: progesterone u..
critical care u. (CCU) SYN: intensive care u..
CT u. a u. of x-ray attenuation in each picture element of the CT image. See Hounsfield u..
Dam u. a u. of activity of vitamin K; the smallest amount of vitamin K, per gram of chick per day, capable of producing normal coagulability in the blood of K-avitaminotic chicks after 3 days of oral administration.
digitalis u. (international) the activity of 0.1 g of the international standard powdered digitalis.
diphtheria antitoxin u. the antitoxin activity of 0.0628 mg of standard diphtheria antitoxin.
dog u. the amount of adrenal cortical extract per kilogram of body weight which, given daily, will maintain an adrenalectomized dog in good condition for 7–10 days.
electromagnetic u. (emu) the u. in an absolute system (CGS) of units utilizing the magnetic effects of current; e.g., abampere, abfarad, abhenry, abohm, abvolt.
electrostatic u. (esu) the u. in an absolute system (CGS) of units utilizing static electricity; e.g., statampere, statcoulomb, statfarad, stathenry, statvolt.
u. of energy 1. CGS system: erg, joule; 2. MKS system: newton-meter (joule); 3. FPS system: foot-poundal; 4. gravitational u.: gram-centimeter, gram-meter, kilogram-meter, foot-pound; 5. SI: joule.
epidermal-melanin u. an association of one melanocyte with several surrounding epidermal keratinocytes, presumably one that favors the transfer of melanin granules from the melanocyte to the keratinocytes.
equine gonadotropin u. (international) the specific gonadotropic activity of 0.25 mg of standard preparation of the gonadotropic principle of pregnant mares' serum.
estradiol benzoate u. (international) the estrogenic activity of 0.1 μg of a standard preparation of estradiol benzoate.
estrone u. (international) the estrogenic activity of 0.1 μg (0.0001 mg) of a standard preparation of crystalline estrone.
Fishman-Lerner u. a u. of serum acid phosphatase activity based upon measurement of the amount of phenol released from a phenylphosphate substrate.
Florey u. SYN: Oxford u..
foot-pound-second u., FPS u., fps u. an absolute u. of the foot-pound-second system.
u. of force 1. CGS system: dyne; 2. FPS system: poundal; 3. MKS system and SI: newton.
gravitational units (G) of energy: gram-centimeter, gram-meter, kilogram-meter, and foot-pound.
G u. of streptomycin streptomycin units.
u. of heat 1. calorie (gram calorie; kilocalorie); 2. SYN: British thermal u.. 3. SYN: joule.
hemolysin u., hemolytic u. the smallest quantity (highest dilution) of inactivated immune serum (hemolysin) that will sensitize the standard suspension of erythrocytes so that the standard complement will cause complete hemolysis. SYN: amboceptor u..
heparin u. the quantity of heparin required to keep 1 ml of cat's blood fluid for 24 hours at 0°C; it is equivalent approximately to 0.002 mg of pure heparin. SYN: Howell u..
Holzknecht u. (H) an obsolete u. of x-ray dosage equal to one-fifth of the erythema dose.
Hounsfield u. a normalized index of x-ray attenuation based on a scale of -1000 (air) to +1000 (bone), with water being 0; used in CT imaging.
Howell u. SYN: heparin u..
insulin u. (international) the activity contained in 122 mg of the international standard of zinc-insulin crystals.
intensive care u. (ICU) a hospital facility for provision of intensive nursing and medical care of critically ill patients, characterized by high quality and quantity of continuous nursing and medical supervision and by use of sophisticated monitoring and resuscitative equipment; may be organized for the care of specific patient groups, e.g., neonatal or newborn ICU, neurologic ICU, pulmonary ICU. SYN: critical care u..
u. of intermedin a u. based upon the action of the hormone in causing the expansion of the melanophores in a hypophysectomized frog; equal to 1 μg of alkali-treated USP Posterior-pituitary Reference Standard.
international u. (IU) the amount of a substance, such as a drug, hormone, vitamin, enzyme, etc., that produces a specific effect as defined by an international body and accepted internationally; e.g., for an enzyme it is micromoles of product formed (or substrate consumed) per minute.
International System of Units International System of Units.
Jenner-Kay u. that amount of phosphatase that liberates 1 mg of phosphorus; approximately 2 Bodansky units or 1 King u..
Karmen u. a formerly used enzyme u. for aminotransferase activity; a change of 0.001 in the absorbance of NADH/min.
Kienböck u. (X) an obsolete u. of x-ray dosage equivalent to 110 the erythema dose.
King u. the quantity of phosphatase that, acting upon disodium phenylphosphate in excess, at pH 9 for 30 min, liberates 1 mg of phenol. SYN: King-Armstrong u..
King-Armstrong u. SYN: King u..
u. of length 1. metric system and SI: meter; 2. CGS system: centimeter; 3. variable in the English system: inch for short distances, foot for moderate distances and for elevation, mile for long distances.
u. of light See candela, lux.
L u. of streptomycin streptomycin units.
u. of luminous flux lumen.
u. of luminous intensity candela.
lung u. 1. a respiratory bronchiole together with the alveolar ducts and sacs and pulmonary alveoli into which the respiratory bronchiole leads; 2. considered by some to include the terminal bronchiole and its subdivisions, and called a pulmonary acinus.
u. of luteinizing activity (international) SYN: progesterone u..
u. of magnetic field intensity See gauss, tesla.
u. of magnetic flux intensity See gauss, tesla.
u. of mass 1. metric system: gram; 2. SI: kilogram; 3. English system: pound.
meter-kilogram-second u., MKS u., mks u. an absolute u. of the meter-kilogram-second system.
Montevideo units a measure of uterine contraction intensity in labor expressed as the sum of the intensity of each contraction within a 10-min period, with intensity defined as the peak pressure achieved by the contraction minus the baseline tone. [from Montevideo, Argentina, where developed]
motor u. a single somatic motor neuron and the group of muscle fibers innervated by it.
mouse u. (m.u.) SYN: Allen-Doisy u..
u. of ocular convergence SYN: meter angle.
ostiomeatal u. SYN: ostiomeatal complex.
Oxford u. the minimum amount of penicillin which will prevent the growth of Staphylococcus aureus over an area 26 mm in diameter in a standard culture medium; 1 u. equals 0.6 μg of crystalline sodium salt of penicillin. SYN: Florey u..
u. of oxytocin the oxytocic activity of 0.5 mg of the USP Posterior-pituitary Reference Standard; 1 mg of synthetic oxytocin corresponds to 500 IU.
u. of penicillin (international) the penicillin activity of 0.6 μg of penicillin G.
phosphatase u. Bodansky u., King u..
physiologic u. 1. the ultimate (hypothetical) vital u. of protoplasm, as conceived by Spencer; 2. the smallest division of an organ that will perform its function; e.g., the uriniferous tubule.
practical units units of magnitudes convenient for use in the practical applications of electricity; as originally defined they were absolute units (multiples of CGS electromagnetic units); they include the ampere, coulomb, farad, henry, joule, ohm, volt, and watt.
u. of progestational activity (international) progesterone u..
progesterone u. (international) the progestational activity of 1 mg of u. of progestational activity (international); standard preparation of pure progesterone. SEE ALSO: Clauberg test, Corner-Allen u.. SYN: corpus luteum hormone u., u. of luteinizing activity.
prolactin u. (international) the specific lactogenic activity contained in 0.1 mg of the standard preparation of the lactogenic substance of the anterior pituitary gland.
u. of radioactivity See Becquerel.
riboflavin u. potency usually expressed in terms of weight of pure riboflavin. SEE ALSO: Sherman-Bourquin u. of vitamin B₂. SYN: vitamin B₂ u..
roentgen u. Roentgen.
Schwann cell u. a single Schwann cell and all of the axons lying in troughs indenting its surface; this u. is regarded as an unmyelinated fiber in the peripheral nervous system.
Sherman u. u. of vitamin C, minimum protective dose; the minimum amount of vitamin C which, fed daily, will protect a 300-g guinea pig from scurvy for 90 days; equivalent to 0.5–0.6 mg of ascorbic acid.
Sherman-Bourquin u. of vitamin B₂ the amount of vitamin B₂ required in the diet daily to sustain an average weekly gain of 3 g for 8 weeks in standard test rats; one u. is equivalent to 1–7 μg (0.001–0.007 mg) of riboflavin, depending on the deficiency diet used in the above assay.
Sherman-Munsell u. a rat growth u.; the daily amount of vitamin A which sustains a rate of gain amounting to 3 g a week in standard test rats.
SI units base units, International System of Units.
Somogyi u. a measure of the level of activity of amylase in blood serum, as analyzed by means of the Somogyi method (the most frequently used procedure); one u. is equivalent to 1 mg of reducing sugar liberated as glucose per 100 ml of serum, when an aliquot of the latter is mixed with a standard starch substrate (plus sodium chloride for maximal activation) and incubated for a standard time; normal range is 80–150 units, but values are usually not regarded as clinically significant unless they are greater than 200.
S u. of streptomycin streptomycin units.
Steenbock u. a u. of vitamin D; the total amount of vitamin D which will produce within 10 days a narrow line of calcium deposit in the rachitic metaphyses of the distal ends of the radii and ulnae of standard rachitic rats.
streptomycin units 1. G u.: equals 1 g of the crystalline material or about 1,000,000 S units; 2. L u.: equal to 1000 S units; 3. S u.: the amount of streptomycin which will inhibit the growth of a standard strain of Escherichia coli in 1 mL of nutrient broth or other suitable medium.
Svedberg u. (S) a sedimentation constant of 1 × 10⁻¹³ s.
terminal respiratory u. all alveoli and alveolar ducts beyond the most proximal respiratory bronchiole; contains about 100 alveolar ducts and 2000 alveoli.
tetanus antitoxin u. the antitoxin activity of 0.3094 mg of standard tetanus antitoxin.
thiamin chloride u. thiamin hydrochloride u. (international).
thiamin hydrochloride u. (international) the antineuritic activity of 0.003 mg of the standard crystalline vitamin B₁ hydrochloride. SYN: vitamin B₁ hydrochloride u..
u. of thyrotrophic activity the activity of an amount of an extract of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis which, given daily for 5 days, will cause the thyroid of a guinea pig (weighing 200 g) to reach a weight of 600 mg.
Todd u. the u. in which the results of testing for antistreptolysin O (ASO) are expressed. It denotes the reciprocal of the highest dilution of test serum at which there continues to be neutralization of a standard preparation of the streptococcal enzyme streptolysin O.
toxic u. (T.U.) a u. formerly synonymous with minimal lethal dose in guinea pig but which, because of the instability of toxins, is now measured in terms of the quantity of standard antitoxin with which the toxin combines. SEE ALSO: L doses, under dose, minimal lethal dose. SYN: toxin u..
toxin u. (T.U.) SYN: toxic u..
USP u. a u. as defined and adopted by the United States Pharmacopeia.
u. of vasopressin the pressor activity of 0.5 mg of the USP Posterior-pituitary Reference Standard; 1 mg of synthetic vasopressin corresponds to 600 IU.
vitamin A u. (international) the specific biologic activity of 0.3 μg of vitamin A (alcohol form). SEE ALSO: Sherman-Munsell u..
vitamin B₂ u. SYN: riboflavin u..
vitamin B₆ u. potency expressed in terms of weight of pure crystalline pyridoxine.
vitamin B₁ hydrochloride u. SYN: thiamin hydrochloride u..
vitamin C u. (international) the vitamin C activity of 0.05 mg of the standard crystalline levoascorbic acid; 1 mg of crystalline vitamin C provides 20 USP units. SEE ALSO: Sherman u..
vitamin D u. (international) the antirachitic activity contained in 0.025 μg of a preparation of crystalline vitamin D₃ (activated 7-dehydrocholesterol). SEE ALSO: Steenbock u..
vitamin E u. potency usually expressed in terms of weight of pure α-tocopherol.
vitamin K u. Dam u..
volume u. (VU) a u. of a logarithmic scale for expressing the power level of a complex audio frequency electrical signal, such as that transmitting music or speech; the power in volume units equals the decibels of power above a reference level of one milliwatt, as measured with an appropriate meter.
u. of wavelength See Ångström, nanometer.
u. of weight u. of mass.
Wood units a simplified measurement of pulmonary vascular resistance that uses pressures instead of more complicated units measured by subtracting pulmonary capillary wedge pressure from the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and dividing by cardiac output in liters per minute.
u. of work u. of energy.

United States Adopted Names
United States Adopted Names (USAN)

Designation for nonproprietary names (for drugs) adopted by the USAN Council in cooperation with the manufacturers concerned; the designation USAN is applicable only to nonproprietary names coined since June 1961.

United States Pharmacopeia
United States Pharmacopeia (USP)

See Pharmacopeia.

United States Public Health Service
United States Public Health Service (USPHS)

A bureau of the Department of Health and Human Services, served by a corps of medical officers presided over by the Surgeon General, concerned with scientific research, domestic and insular quarantine, administration of government hospitals, publication of sanitary reports, and statistics; associated with it are the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other units.

univalence
univalence, univalency (u-ni-va′lens, -va′len-se)

SYN: monovalence.

univalent
univalent (u-ni-va′lent)

SYN: monovalent (1) .

Universal Precautions Universal Precautions

(in full, Universal Blood and Body Fluid Precautions). A set of procedural directives and guidelines published in August 1987 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (as Recommendations for Prevention of HIV Transmission in Health-Care Settings) to prevent parenteral, mucous membrane, and nonintact skin exposures of health care workers to bloodborne pathogens. In December 1991 the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) promulgated its Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, incorporating u. and imposing detailed requirements on employers of health care workers, including engineering controls, provision of protective barrier devices, standardized labeling of biohazards, mandatory training of employees in U., management of accidental parenteral exposure incidents, and availability to employees of immunization against hepatitis B.The principle underlying u. is that the blood and certain other body fluids of all patients are to be considered potentially infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other bloodborne pathogens. Universal precautions apply to blood, unfixed tissues (except intact skin), cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, amniotic fluid, semen, and vaginal secretions, but not to feces, nasal secretions, sputum, sweat, tears, urine, or vomitus unless these materials contain visible blood. Specific precautions are prescribed with respect to mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, surgery, invasive diagnostic procedures, obstetrics, renal dialysis, dentistry, clinical laboratories, morgues, and morticians' services. Barrier devices such as gloves, gowns, waterproof aprons, masks, and protective eyewear are required in certain settings, to prevent exposure to blood and other biologically hazardous materials. The OSHA standard requires glove wear for phlebotomy and intraoral examinations and manipulations. Standards are also imposed for laundry, cleaning of surfaces, and disposal of contaminated wastes. Special precautions are advised for handling needles, scalpels, and other sharp instruments or devices after use. Immunization with HBV vaccine is recommended as an important adjunct to u. for health care workers exposed to blood. Universal precautions are intended to supplement, not replace, recommendations for routine infection control, such as handwashing and using gloves to prevent gross contamination of the hands. Implementation of u. does not eliminate the need for other category- or disease-specific isolation precautions, such as enteric precautions for infectious diarrhea or isolation for pulmonary tuberculosis.

unmedullated
unmedullated (un-med′oo-la-ted)

SYN: unmyelinated.

unmyelinated
unmyelinated (un-mi′e-li-na-ted)

Denoting nerve fibers (axons) lacking a myelin sheath. SYN: amyelinated, amyelinic, nonmedullated, nonmyelinated, unmedullated.

Unna
Unna

Paul G., German dermatologist and staining expert, 1850–1929. See U. disease, U. nevus, U. stain, U.-Pappenheim stain, U.-Taenzer stain, U.-Thost syndrome.

unofficial
unofficial (un-o-fish′al)

Denoting a drug that is not listed in the United States Pharmacopeia or the National Formulary.

unphysiologic
unphysiologic (un-fis′e-o-loj′ik)

Pertaining to conditions in the organism which are abnormal; can be used to refer to subjecting the body to abnormal amounts of substances normally present.

unsanitary
unsanitary (un-san′i-tar-e)

SYN: insanitary.

unsaturated
unsaturated (un-sach′ur-at-ed)

1. Not saturated; denoting a solution in which the solvent is capable of dissolving more of the solute. 2. Denoting a chemical compound in which all the affinities are not satisfied, so that still other atoms or radicals may be added to it. 3. In organic chemistry, denoting compounds containing double and/or triple bonds or a ring structure.

unsex
unsex (un′seks)

To castrate; to deprive of the gonads.

unstriated
unstriated (un-stri′at-ed)

Without striations; not striped; denoting the structure of the smooth or involuntary muscles.

unthrifty
unthrifty (un-thrif′te)

In animals, denoting a failure to grow or develop normally as a result of disease.

Unverricht
Unverricht

Heinrich, German physician, 1853–1912. See U. disease.

UPJ
UPJ

Abbreviation for ureteropelvic junction.

up-regulation
up-regulation

Opposite of down-regulation.

upsiloid
upsiloid (up′si-loyd)

SYN: hypsiloid.

upsilon
upsilon (up′si-lon)

The 20th letter of the Greek alphabet, Ψ.

upstream
upstream (up′strem)

Refers to nucleic acid base sequences proceeding the opposite direction from expression.

uptake
uptake (up′tak)

The absorption by a tissue of some substance, food material, mineral, etc., and its permanent or temporary retention.

Ura
Ura

Abbreviation for uracil.

urachal
urachal (ur′a-kal)

Relating to the urachus.

urachus
urachus (ur′a-kus)

That portion of the reduced allantoic stalk between the apex of the bladder and the umbilicus; postnatally, the u. is normally merely a fibrous cord, the median umbilical ligament, but occasionally the old allantoic lumen may persist as a vesicoumbilical fistula. [G. ourachos, the urinary canal of a fetus]

uracil
uracil (Ura, U) (ur′a-sil)

2,4-Dioxopyrimidine;a pyrimidine (base) present in ribonucleic acid.
u. dehydrogenase an oxidoreductase catalyzing oxidation of u. to barbituric acid; also oxidizes thymine. SYN: u. oxidase.
u. mustard an alkylating antineoplastic agent. SYN: uramustine.
u. oxidase SYN: u. dehydrogenase.
u. phosphoribosyltransferase phosphoribosyltransferase.

uracil-6-carboxylic acid
uracil-6-carboxylic acid

SYN: orotic acid.

Uragoga
Uragoga (ur′a-go-ga)

A genus of tropical plants (family Rubiaceae). U. ipecacuanha (Cephaelis ipecacuanha) is the source of Rio or Brazilian ipecac; U. acuminata (C. acuminata) is the source of Cartagena, Nicaragua, or Panama ipecac. SYN: Cephaelis.

uramustine
uramustine (ur-a-mus′ten)

SYN: uracil mustard.

uranin
uranin (u′ra-nin)

SYN: fluorescein sodium.

uraninite
uraninite (u-ran′i-nit)

SYN: pitchblende.

uranisco- uranisco-

See urano-.

uraniscochasm
uraniscochasm (u-ra-nis′ko-kazm)

SYN: uranoschisis. [uranisco- + G. chasma, cleft]

uranisconitis
uranisconitis (u′ra-nis-ko-ni′tis)

SYN: palatitis.

uraniscoplasty
uraniscoplasty (u′ra-nis′ko-plas-te)

SYN: palatoplasty. [uranisco- + G. plasso, to form]

uraniscorrhaphy
uraniscorrhaphy (u′ra-nis-kor′a-fe)

SYN: palatorrhaphy. [uranisco- + G. rhaphe, suture]

uraniscus
uraniscus (u′ra-nis′kus)

SYN: palate. [G. ouraniskos, roof of the mouth, dim. of ouranos, sky]

uranium
uranium (U) (u-ra′ne-um)

A radioactive metallic element, atomic no. 92, atomic wt. 238.0289, occurring mainly in pitchblende and notable for its two isotopes: ²³⁸U and ²³⁵U (99.2745% and 0.720%, respectively, the rest being made up by ²³⁴U), ²³⁵U being the first substance ever shown capable of supporting a self-sustaining chain reaction. [G. myth. character, Uranus]

urano- urano-, uranisco-

The hard palate. [G. ouranos, sky vault, ouraniskos, roof of mouth (palate)]

uranoplasty
uranoplasty (u′ra-no-plas-te)

SYN: palatoplasty.

uranorrhaphy
uranorrhaphy (u′ra-nor′a-fe)

SYN: palatorrhaphy. [urano- + G. rhaphe, suture]

uranoschisis
uranoschisis (u′ra-nos′ki-sis)

Cleft of the hard palate. SYN: uraniscochasm. [urano- + G. schisis, fissure]

uranostaphyloplasty
uranostaphyloplasty (u′ra-no-staf′i-lo-plas-te)

Repair of a cleft of both hard and soft palates. SYN: uranostaphylorrhaphy. [urano- + G. staphyle, uvula, + plasso, to form]

uranostaphylorrhaphy
uranostaphylorrhaphy (u′ra-no-staf-i-lor′a-fe)

SYN: uranostaphyloplasty.

uranostaphyloschisis
uranostaphyloschisis (u′ra-no-staf′i-los′ki-sis)

Cleft of the soft and hard palates. SYN: uranoveloschisis. [urano- + G. staphyle, uvula, + schisis, fissure]

uranoveloschisis
uranoveloschisis (u′ra-no-ve-los′ki-sis)

SYN: uranostaphyloschisis.

uranyl
uranyl (ur′a-nil)

The ion, UO₂²⁺, usually found in such salts as u. nitrate, UO₂(NO₃)₂; u. acetate, UO₂(CH₃COO)₂, is used in electron microscopy.

urapidil
urapidil (oo-ra′pi-dil)

An antihypertensive agent which acts by influencing serotonin receptors.

uraroma
uraroma (u′ra-ro′ma)

An obsolete term to describe a spicy, aromatic odor of the urine. [G. ouron, urine, + aroma, spice]

urarthritis
urarthritis (u-rar-thri′tis)

Gouty inflammation of a joint. [urate + arthritis]

urate
urate (ur′at)

A salt of uric acid.
u. oxidase a copper-containing, oxygen-requiring oxidoreductase that oxidizes uric acid; used in the clinical diagnosis of increased uric acid levels. SYN: uricase.

uratemia
uratemia (u-ra-te′me-a)

The presence of urates, especially sodium urate, in the blood. [urate + G. haima, blood]

urateribonucleotide phosphorylase
urateribonucleotide phosphorylase (ur′at-ri-bo-noo′kle-o-tid)

A ribosyltransferase that reacts urate d-ribonucleotide with orthophosphate to produce urate plus d-ribose 1-phosphate.

uratic
uratic (u-rat′ik)

Pertaining to a urate or to urates.

uratolysis
uratolysis (u-ra-tol′i-sis)

The decomposition or solution of urates. [urate + G. lysis, solution]

uratolytic
uratolytic (u′ra-to-lit′ik)

Causing the decomposition, or solution and removal of urates, from the tissues.

uratoma
uratoma (u-ra-to′ma)

SYN: gouty tophus. [urate + G. -oma, tumor]

uratosis
uratosis (u-ra-to′sis)

Any morbid condition due to the presence of urates in the blood or tissues.

uraturia
uraturia (u-ra-too′re-a)

The passage of an increased amount of urates in the urine. [urate + G. ouron, urine]

Urbach
Urbach

Erich, U.S. dermatologist, 1893–1946. See U.-Wiethe disease.

Urban
Urban

Jerome A., U.S. surgeon, *1914. See U. operation.

urceiform
urceiform (ur-se′i-form)

Pitcher-shaped. SYN: urceolate. [L. urceus, pitcher, + forma, form]

urceolate
urceolate (ur′se-o-lat)

SYN: urceiform. [L. urceolus, dim. of urceus, pitcher]

Urd
Urd

Abbreviation for uridine.

ur-defenses
ur-defenses (oor′de-fens-ez)

A rarely used term for primitive defenses. [Ger. ur-, primitive, earliest, + defenses]

ure- ure-, urea-, ureo-

Urea; urine. SEE ALSO: urin-, uro-. [G. ouron, urine]

urea
urea (u-re′a)

The chief end product of nitrogen metabolism in mammals, formed in the liver by means of the Krebs-Henseleit cycle and excreted in normal adult human urine in the amount of about 32 g a day (about 67 of the nitrogen excreted from the body). It may be obtained artificially by heating a solution of ammonium cyanate. It occurs as colorless or white prismatic crystals, without odor but with a cooling saline taste, is soluble in water, and forms salts with acids; has been used as a diuretic in kidney function tests, and topically for various dermatitides. [G. ouron, urine]
u. peroxide a white crystalline compound used in an aqueous solution as an oxidizing mouthwash.
u. stibamine a u. derivative of stibanilic acid, used in the treatment of kala azar and certain other tropical diseases.

ureagenesis
ureagenesis (u-re-a-jen′e-sis)

Formation of urea, usually referring to the metabolism of amino acids to urea. SYN: ureapoiesis. [urea + G. genesis, production]

ureal
ureal (u-re′al)

Relating to or containing urea. SYN: ureic.

Ureaplasma
Ureaplasma (u-re′a-plaz′ma)

A genus of microaerophilic to anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria (family Mycoplasmataceae) with no cell walls. Gram-negative, they are predominantly coccoidal to coccobacillary elements, approximately 0.3 μm in diameter, which frequently grow in short filaments; colonies are generally small, 20–30 μm in diameter, and may have no zones of surface growth. U. hydrolyze urea with production of ammonia, and are found in the human genitourinary tract, occasionally in the pharynx and rectum. In males, they are associated with nongonococcal urethritis and prostatitis; in females, with genitourinary tract infections and reproductive failure; in neonates, they may cause pneumonia or meningitis. The type species is U. urealyticum. SYN: T-mycoplasma.
U. urealyticum a species that has been isolated from the respiratory tract and central nerve system of newborns. It causes infections of the genitourinary tract, particularly urethritis; thought to be sexually transmitted and transmitted from mother to infant. The laboratory diagnosis is simplified through the use of urea-containng agar, permitting detection of the tiny colonies.

ureapoiesis
ureapoiesis (u-re′a-poy-e′sis)

SYN: ureagenesis. [urea + G. poiesis, a making]

urease
urease (ur′e-as)

An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to carbon dioxide and ammonia; used as an antitumor enzyme; it is present in intestinal bacteria and accounts for most of the ammonia generated from urea in mammals.

uredema
uredema (u-re-de′ma)

Edema due to infiltration of urine into the subcutaneous tissues. [G. ouron, urine, + oidema, swelling]

ureic
ureic (u-re′ik)

SYN: ureal.

ureide
ureide (ur′e-id)

Any compound of urea in which one or more of its hydrogen atoms have been substituted by acid radicals.

3-ureidohydantoin
3-ureidohydantoin (u-re′i-do-hi′dan-to-in)

SYN: allantoin.

3-ureidoisobutyric acid
3-ureidoisobutyric acid (u-re′i-do-i′so-bu-tir′ik)

An intermediate in thymine catabolism.

3-ureidopropionic acid
3-ureidopropionic acid (u-re′i-do-pro-pi-on′ik)

An intermediate in uracil catabolism.

ureidosuccinic acid
ureidosuccinic acid (u-re′i-do-suk-sin′ik)

A precursor of the pyrimidines. SYN: N-carbamoylaspartic acid.

urelcosis
urelcosis (u-rel-ko′sis)

Obsolete term for ulceration of any part of the urinary tract. [G. ouron, urine, + helkosis, ulceration]

uremia
uremia (u-re′me-a)

1. An excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood. 2. The complex of symptoms due to severe persisting renal failure that can be relieved by dialysis. [G. ouron, urine, + haima, blood]
hypercalcemic u. u. due to renal failure caused by hypercalcemia with nephrocalcinosis.

uremic
uremic (u-re′mik)

Relating to uremia.

uremigenic
uremigenic (u-re-mi-jen′ik)

1. Of uremic origin or causation. 2. Causing or resulting in uremia.

ureo- ureo-

See ure-.

ureotele
ureotele (u′re-o-tel)

An organism that is ureotelic; E.G., primates.

ureotelia
ureotelia (u′re-o-tel′e-a)

The process or type of nitrogen excretion in which urea is the primary end product. [urea + G. telos, end, outcome, + -ia]

ureotelic
ureotelic (u′re-o-tel′ik)

Excreting nitrogen primarily in the form of urea. [ureo- + G. telos, end]

urerythrin
urerythrin (ur-er′i-thrin)

SYN: uroerythrin.

uresiesthesia
uresiesthesia (u-re′si-es-the′ze-a)

The desire to urinate. SYN: uriesthesia. [G. ouresis, a urinating, + aisthesis, sensation]

uresis
uresis (u-re′sis)

SYN: urination. [G. ouresis]

ureter
ureter (u-re′ter, u′re-ter) [TA]

The tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder; it consists of an abdominal part and a pelvic part, is lined with transitional epithelium surrounded by smooth muscle, both circular and longitudinal, and is covered externally by a tunica adventitia. [G. oureter, urinary canal]
curlicue u. term given to the radiographic appearance of an opacified u., herniated through the sciatic foramen; a very rare condition.
ectopic u. opens somewhere other than the bladder wall.
ileal u. SYN: ureteroileoneocystostomy.
postcaval u. congenital defect where the right u. passes deep to the inferior vena cava on its descent to the bladder.
retrocaval u. in urography, the medial deviation of the right u. in the rare circumstance in which it passes behind the inferior vena cava before entering the pelvis.
retroiliac u. congenital defect where the u. passes deep to the iliac artery.

ureteral
ureteral (u-re′te-ral)

Relating to the ureter. SYN: ureteric.

ureteralgia
ureteralgia (u-re-ter-al′je-a)

Pain in the ureter. [ureter + G. algos, pain]

uretercystoscope
uretercystoscope (u-re′ter-sis′to-skop)

SYN: ureterocystoscope.

ureterectasia
ureterectasia (u-re′ter-ek-ta′ze-a)

Dilation of a ureter. SYN: hydroureter, megaloureter. [ureter + G. ektasis, a stretching out]

ureterectomy
ureterectomy (u-re-ter-ek′to-me)

Excision of a segment or all of a ureter. [ureter + G. ektome, excision]

ureteric
ureteric (u-re-ter′ik)

SYN: ureteral.

ureteritis
ureteritis (u-re-ter-i′tis)

Inflammation of a ureter.

uretero- uretero-

The ureter. [G. oureter, urinary canal]

ureterocalicostomy
ureterocalicostomy (u-re′ter-kal-i-kos′-to-e)

Anastomosis of ureter to lower-pole collecting system of kidney after amputation of a portion of lower-pole parenchyma. [uretero- + G. kalyx, cup of a flower, + stoma, mouth]

ureterocele
ureterocele (u-re′ter-o-sel)

Saccular dilation of the terminal portion of the ureter which protrudes into the lumen of the urinary bladder, probably due to a congenital stenosis of the ureteral meatus. [uretero- + G. kele, hernia]
ectopic u. a u. extending distal to the bladder neck.
orthotopic u. a u. entirely within the bladder.

ureterocelorraphy
ureterocelorraphy (u-re′ter-o-se-lor′a-fe)

Excision and suturing of a ureterocele performed through an open cystotomy incision. [ureterocele + G. raphe, suture]

ureterocolic
ureterocolic (u-re′ter-o-kol′ik)

Relating to the ureter and the colon, especially to an anastomosis for lesions of the lower urinary tract.

ureterocolostomy
ureterocolostomy (u-re′ter-o-ko-los′to-me)

Implantation of the ureter into the colon. SYN: ureterosigmoidostomy. [uretero- + G. kolon, colon, + stoma, mouth]

ureterocystoplasty
ureterocystoplasty

Augmentation of the bladder using a native dilated ureter.

ureterocystoscope
ureterocystoscope (u-re′ter-o-sis′to-skop)

A cystoscope with an attachment for catheterization of the ureters; the catheter is passed into the ureter when its orifice is brought into view with the cystoscope. SYN: uretercystoscope. [uretero- + G. kystis, bladder, + skopeo, to view]

ureterocystostomy
ureterocystostomy (u-re′ter-o-sis-tos′to-me)

SYN: ureteroneocystostomy. [uretero- + G. kystis, bladder, + stoma, mouth]

ureteroenteric
ureteroenteric (u-re′ter-o-en-ter′ik)

Relating to a ureter and the intestine.

ureteroenterostomy
ureteroenterostomy (u-re′ter-o-en-ter-os′to-me)

Formation of an opening between a ureter and the intestine. [uretero- + G. enteron, intestine, + stoma, mouth]

ureterography
ureterography (u-re′ter-og′ra-fe)

Radiography of the ureter after the direct injection of contrast medium. [uretero- + G. graphe, a writing]

ureterohydronephrosis
ureterohydronephrosis (u-re′ter-o-hi′dro-nef-ro′sis)

Hydronephrosis also involving the ureters. SYN: hydroureteronephrosis, nephroureterectasis.

ureteroileoneocystostomy
ureteroileoneocystostomy (u-re′ter-o-il′e-o-ne′o-sis-tos′to-me)

Restoration of the continuity of the urinary tract by anastomosis of the upper segment of a partially destroyed ureter to a segment of ileum, the lower end of which is then implanted into the bladder. SYN: ileal ureter. [uretero- + ileum + G. neos, new, + hystis, bladder, + stoma, mouth]

ureteroileostomy
ureteroileostomy (u-re′ter-o-il-e-os′to-me)

Implantation of a ureter into an isolated segment of ileum which drains through an abdominal stoma. [uretero- + ileum + G. stoma, mouth]

ureterolithiasis
ureterolithiasis (u-re′ter-o-li-thi′a-sis)

The formation or presence of a calculus or calculi in one or both ureters. [ureterolith + G. -iasis, condition]

ureterolithotomy
ureterolithotomy (u-re′ter-o-li-thot′o-me)

Removal of a stone lodged in a ureter. [ureterolith + G. tome, incision]

ureterolysis
ureterolysis (u′re-ter-ol′i-sis)

Surgical freeing of the ureter from surrounding disease or adhesions. [uretero- + G. lysis, a loosening]

ureteroneocystostomy
ureteroneocystostomy (u-re′ter-o-ne′o-sis-tos′to-me)

An operation whereby a ureter is implanted into the bladder. SEE ALSO: detrusorrhaphy. SYN: neocystostomy, ureteral reimplantation, ureterocystostomy, ureterovesicostomy. [uretero- + G. neos, new, + kystis, bladder, + stoma, mouth]

ureteronephrectomy
ureteronephrectomy (u-re′ter-o-ne-frek′to-me)

SYN: nephroureterectomy. [uretero- + G. nephros, kidney, + ektome, excision]

ureteropathy
ureteropathy (u-re′ter-op′a-the)

Disease of the ureter. [uretero- + G. pathos, suffering]

ureteroplasty
ureteroplasty (u-re′ter-o-plas-te)

Surgical reconstruction of the ureters. [uretero- + G. plastos, formed]

ureteroproctostomy
ureteroproctostomy (u-re′ter-o-prok-tos′to-me)

Establishment of an opening between a ureter and the rectum. SYN: ureterorectostomy. [uretero- + G. proktos, rectum, + stoma, mouth]

ureteropyelitis
ureteropyelitis (u-re′ter-o-pi-e-li′tis)

Inflammation of the pelvis of a kidney and its ureter. [uretero- + G. pyelos, pelvis, + -itis, inflammation]

ureteropyelography
ureteropyelography (u-re′ter-o-pi′e-log′ra-fe)

SYN: pyelography.

ureteropyeloplasty
ureteropyeloplasty (u-re′ter-o-pi′e-lo-plas-te)

Surgical reconstruction of the ureter and of the pelvis of the kidney, usually for congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction. [uretero- + G. pyelos, pelvis, + plastos, formed]

ureteropyelostomy
ureteropyelostomy (u-re′ter-o-pi-e-los′to-me)

Formation of a junction of the ureter and the renal pelvis. [uretero- + pelvis, + stoma, mouth]

ureteropyosis
ureteropyosis (u-re′ter-o-pi-o′sis)

An accumulation of pus in the ureter. [uretero- + G. pyosis, suppuration]

ureterorectostomy
ureterorectostomy (u-re′ter-o-rek-tos′to-me)

SYN: ureteroproctostomy.

ureterorrhagia
ureterorrhagia (u-re′ter-o-ra′je-a)

Hemorrhage from a ureter. [uretero- + G. rhegnymi, to burst forth]

ureterorrhaphy
ureterorrhaphy (u-re-ter-or′a-fe)

Suture of a ureter. [uretero- + G. rhaphe, suture]

ureteroscope
ureteroscope (u-re′ter-o-skop)

An optical device passed in a retrograde fashion through the bladder up into the ureter to inspect the ureteral lumen and kidney collecting system.

ureterosigmoid
ureterosigmoid (u-re′ter-o-sig′moyd)

Relating to the ureter and the sigmoid colon, especially to an anastomosis between the two.

ureterosigmoidostomy
ureterosigmoidostomy (u-re′ter-o-sig-moy-dos′to-me)

SYN: ureterocolostomy.

ureterostenosis
ureterostenosis (u-re′ter-o-ste-no′sis)

Stricture of a ureter. [uretero- + G. stenosis, a narrowing]

ureterostomy
ureterostomy (u-re-ter-os′to-me)

Establishment of an external opening into the ureter. [uretero- + G. stoma, mouth]
cutaneous u. a stoma constructed of ureter at skin level for drainage of urine. This may be an end stoma or a loop stoma. Usually performed because of distal obstruction. SYN: cutaneous loop u..
cutaneous loop u. SYN: cutaneous u..

ureterotomy
ureterotomy (u-re-ter-ot′o-me)

Incision into a ureter. [uretero- + G. tome, incision]

ureterotrigonoenterostomy
ureterotrigonoenterostomy (u-re′ter-o-tri-go′no-en-ter-os′to-me)

Implantation of a ureter and its portion of the trigone of the bladder into the intestine. [uretero-, + trigone (of bladder), + enterostomy]

ureteroureteral
ureteroureteral (u-re′ter-o-u-re′ter-al)

Relating to two segments of the same ureter or to both ureters, especially an artificial anastomosis between them.

ureteroureterostomy
ureteroureterostomy (u-re′ter-o-u-re′ter-os′to-me)

Establishment of an anastomosis between the two ureters or between two segments of the same ureter. See transureteroureterostomy.

ureterovesical
ureterovesical (u-re′ter-o-ves′i-kal)

Relating to the ureter and the bladder, specifically the junction of ureter with bladder.

ureterovesicostomy
ureterovesicostomy (u-re′ter-o-ves-i-kos′to-me)

SYN: ureteroneocystostomy. [uretero- + L. vesica, bladder, + stoma, mouth]

urethan
urethan, urethane (u′re-than, -than)

Has antimitotic activity; formerly used medically as a hypnotic, but now more often used as an anesthetic for laboratory animals. SYN: ethyl carbamate.

urethr- urethr-

See urethro-.

urethra
urethra (u-re′thra) [TA]

The canal leading from the bladder, discharging the urine externally. [G. ourethra]
anterior u. the portion of u. distal to urogenital diaphragm (external sphincter).
female u. [TA] a canal about 4 cm long passing from the bladder, in close relation with the anterior wall of the vagina and having a long axis that parallels that of the vagina, opening in the vestibule of the vagina posterior to the clitoris and anterior to the vaginal orifice. SYN: u. feminina [TA] , u. muliebris.
u. feminina [TA] SYN: female u..
male u. [TA] a canal about 20 cm in length that opens at the extremity of the glans penis; except for the intramural and upper prostatic parts, it gives passage to the spermatic fluid as well as urine; components include the intramural, prostatic, intermediate, and spongy urethrae. SYN: u. masculina [TA] , u. virilis.
u. masculina [TA] SYN: male u..
membranous u. intermediate part of male u..
u. muliebris SYN: female u..
penile u. SYN: spongy u..
posterior u. the portion of the u. posterior to the urogenital diaphragm (external sphincter).
prostatic u. [TA] the prostatic part of the male u., about 2.5 cm in length, that traverses the prostate; it includes the seminal colliculus, and the ejaculatory and prostatic ducts open into it. SYN: pars prostatica urethrae [TA] .
spongy u. [TA] the portion of the male u., about 15 cm in length, which traverses the corpus spongiosum. SYN: pars spongiosa urethrae masculinae [TA] , pars cavernosa, penile u., spongy part of the male u..
u. virilis SYN: male u..

urethral
urethral (u-re′thral)

Relating to the urethra.

urethralgia
urethralgia (u-re-thral′je-a)

Pain in the urethra. SYN: urethrodynia. [urethr- + G. algos, pain]

urethrectomy
urethrectomy (ur-e-threk′to-me)

Excision of a segment or of the entire urethra. [urethr- + G. ektome, excision]

urethremorrhagia
urethremorrhagia (u-re′threm-o-ra′je-a)

SYN: urethrorrhagia. [urethr- + G. haima, blood, + rhegnymi, to burst forth]

urethrism
urethrism, urethrismus (u′re-thrizm, -thriz′mus)

Irritability or spasmodic stricture of the urethra. SYN: urethrospasm.

urethritis
urethritis (u-re-thri′tis)

Inflammation of the urethra. [ureth- + G. -itis, inflammation]
anterior u. inflammation of the portion of the urethra anterior to the triangular ligament.
follicular u. chronic u. with nodular lymphocytic infiltrations in the mucosa. SYN: granular u..
gonorrheal u. infection of the urethra usually in association with a purulent discharge due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
granular u. SYN: follicular u..
nongonococcal u. u. not resulting from gonococcal infection; venereally transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause.
nonspecific u. u. not resulting from gonococcal, chlamydial, or other specific infectious agents. SYN: simple u..
u. petrificans u., sometimes of gouty origin, in which there is a deposit of calcareous matter in the wall of the urethra.
posterior u. inflammation of the membranous and prostatic portions of the urethra.
simple u. SYN: nonspecific u..

urethro- urethro-, urethr-

The urethra. [G. ourethra]

urethrobulbar
urethrobulbar (u-re′thro-bul′bar)

SYN: bulbourethral.

urethrocele
urethrocele (u-re′thro-sel)

Prolapse of the female urethra. [urethro- + G. kele, tumor, hernia]

urethrocystometrography
urethrocystometrography (u-re′thro-sis′to-me-trog′ra-fe)

SYN: urethrocystometry. [urethro- + G. kystis, bladder, + metron, measure, + skopeo, to view]

urethrocystometry
urethrocystometry (u-re′thro-sis-tom′e-tre)

A procedure that simultaneously measures pressures in the urinary bladder and urethra. SYN: urethrocystometrography. [urethro- + G. kystis, bladder, + metron, measure]

urethrocystopexy
urethrocystopexy (u-re′thro-sis′to-pek-se)

Fixation of urethra and bladder for stress incontinence. SYN: urethropexy. [urethro- + G. kystis, bladder, + pexis, fixation]

urethrodynia
urethrodynia (u-re-thro-din′e-a)

SYN: urethralgia. [urethro- + G. odyne, pain]

urethrography
urethrography (u-re-throg′ra-fe)

Contrast radiography of the male or female urethra, by retrograde injection or during voiding of contrast medium in the bladder (cystourethrogram). [urethra + G. grapho, to write]

urethrometer
urethrometer (u-re-throm′e-ter)

An instrument for measuring the caliber of the urethra. [urethro- + G. metron, measure]

urethropenile
urethropenile (u-re′thro-pe′nil)

Relating to the urethra and the penis.

urethroperineal
urethroperineal (u-re′thro-pe-ri-ne′al)

Relating to the urethra and the perineum.

urethroperineoscrotal
urethroperineoscrotal (u-re′thro-pe-ri-ne-o-skro′tal)

Relating to the urethra, perineum, and scrotum.

urethropexy
urethropexy (u-re′thro-pek-se)

SYN: urethrocystopexy. [urethro- + G. pexis, fixation]

urethroplasty
urethroplasty (u-re′thro-plas-te)

Surgical reconstruction of the urethra. [urethro- + G. plastos, formed]
Cecil u. a staged urethral reconstructive procedure wherein the urethral portion of the penis is left buried in the scrotum after u. at the first stage because of inadequate ventral skin cover.

urethroprostatic
urethroprostatic (u-re′thro-pros-tat′ik)

Relating to the urethra and the prostate.

urethrorectal
urethrorectal (u-re′thro-rek′tal)

Relating to the urethra and the rectum.

urethrorrhagia
urethrorrhagia (u-re-thro-ra′je-a)

Bleeding from the urethra. SYN: urethremorrhagia.

urethrorrhaphy
urethrorrhaphy (u-re-thror′a-fe)

Suture of the urethra. [urethro- + G. rhaphe, suture]

urethrorrhea
urethrorrhea (u-re-thro-re′a)

An abnormal discharge from the urethra. [urethro- + G. rhoia, a flow]

urethroscope
urethroscope (u-re′thro-skop)

An instrument for viewing the interior of the urethra. [urethro- + G. skopeo, to view]

urethroscopic
urethroscopic (u-re-thro-skop′ik)

Relating to the urethroscope or to urethroscopy.

urethroscopy
urethroscopy (u-re-thros′ko-pe)

Inspection of the urethra with a urethroscope.

urethrospasm
urethrospasm (u-re′thro-spazm)

SYN: urethrism.

urethrostaxis
urethrostaxis (u-re′thro-stak′sis)

Oozing of blood from the urethra. [urethro- + G. staxis, trickling]

urethrostenosis
urethrostenosis (u-re′thro-ste-no′sis)

Stricture of the urethra. [urethro- + G. stenosis, a narrowing]

urethrostomy
urethrostomy (u-re-thros′to-me)

Surgical formation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin. [urethro- + G. stoma, mouth]
perineal u. formation of a permanent opening into the bulbous portion of the urethra through a perineal skin incision.

urethrotome
urethrotome (u-re′thro-tom)

An instrument for dividing a stricture of the urethra. [urethro- + G. tomos, cutting]

urethrotomy
urethrotomy (u-re-throt′o-me)

Surgical incision of a stricture of the urethra. [urethro- + G. tome, incision]
external u. u. via an external opening in the perineum or penile skin. SYN: perineal u..
internal u. u. by means of an instrument passed through the urethra.
perineal u. SYN: external u..

urethrovaginal
urethrovaginal (u-re′thro-vaj′i-nal)

Relating to the urethra and the vagina.

urethrovesical
urethrovesical (u-re′thro-ves′i-kal)

Relating to the urethra and bladder.

urethrovesicopexy
urethrovesicopexy (u-re′thro-ves′i-ko-pek-se)

Surgical suspension of the urethra and the base of the bladder from the posterior surface of the pubic symphysis (or anterior abdominal wall or Cooper ligament) for correction of urinary stress incontinence. [urethro- + L. vesica, bladder, + G. pexis, fixation]

-uretic -uretic

Urine. [G. ouretikos, relating to the urine]

URF
URF

Abbreviation for unidentified reading frame.

urgency
urgency (er′jen-se)

A strong desire to void.
motor u. u. from overactive detrusor function.
sensory u. u. due to vesicourethral hypersensitivity.

urginea
urginea (er-jin′e-a)

The bulbs of U. indica (Indian squill) and U. maritima (white or Mediterranean squill); the source of squill. [L. urgeo, to press, referring to the shape of the seeds]

uri- uri-, uric-, urico-

Uric acid. [G. ouron, urine]

urian
urian (ur′e-an)

SYN: urochrome.

uric
uric (ur′ik)

Relating to urine.

uric acid
uric acid

2,6,8-Trioxypurine;white crystals, poorly soluble, contained in solution in the urine of mammals and in solid form in the urine of birds and reptiles; sometimes solidified in small masses as stones or crystals or in larger concretions as calculi; with sodium and other bases it forms urates; elevated levels associated with gout. SYN: lithic acid, triketopurine.
u. oxidase urate oxidase.

uricase
uricase (ur′i-kas)

SYN: urate oxidase.

urico- urico-

See uri-.

uricolysis
uricolysis (ur-i-kol′i-sis)

Decomposition of uric acid. [urico- + G. lysis, a loosening]

uricolytic
uricolytic (ur′i-ko-lit′ik)

Relating to or effecting the hydrolysis of uric acid.

uricosome
uricosome (ur-ik′o-som)

A microbody rich in urate oxidase.

uricosuria
uricosuria (u′ri-ko-soo′re-a)

Excessive amounts of uric acid in the urine. [urico- + G. ouron, urine]

uricosuric
uricosuric (u′ri-ko-soo′rik)

Tending to increase the excretion of uric acid.

uricotele
uricotele (oor′ik-o-tel)

An organism that is uricotelic; E.G., birds and land-dwelling reptiles.

uricotelia
uricotelia (ur-ik′o-tel-e-a)

The process or type of nitrogen excretion in which uric acid is the chief excretion product. [uric (acid) + G. telos, end, outcome, + -ia]

uricotelic
uricotelic (ur′i-ko-tel′ik)

Producing uric acid as the chief excretory product of nitrogen metabolism. [urico- + G. telos, end]

uridine
uridine (Urd) (ur′i-den)

Uracil ribonucleoside;one of the major nucleosides in RNAs; as the pyrophosphate (UDP, UDPG, etc.), u. is active in sugar metabolism. SYN: 1-β-d-ribofuranosyluracil.
cyclic u. 3′,5′-monophosphate (cUMP) a cyclic nucleotide involved in metabolic regulation; inhibits the growth of some tumors.
u. 5′-diphosphate (UDP) u. 5′-pyrophosphate; a condensation product of u. and pyrophosphoric acid.
u. 5′-monophosphate (UMP) SYN: uridylic acid.
u. phosphorylase a ribosyltransferase that catalyzes the reaction of u. with orthophosphate to produce uracil and α-d-ribose 1-phosphate.
u. 5′-triphosphate (UTP) u. esterified with triphosphoric acid at its 5′ position; the immediate precursor of uridylic acid residues in RNA.

uridine diphosphogalactose
uridine diphosphogalactose (UDPGal) (ur′i-den-di-fos′fo-ga-lak′tos)

A pyrophosphate group links the 5′ position of uridine and the 1 position of d-galactose.
u. 4-epimerase UDPglucose 4-epimerase.

uridine diphosphoglucose
uridine diphosphoglucose (UDPG, UDPGlc) (ur′i-den-di-fos′fo-gloo′kos)

A pyrophosphate group links the 5′ position of uridine and the 1 position of d-glucose; an intermediate in glycogen biosynthesis. SYN: UDPglucose.
u. 4-epimerase SYN: UDPglucose 4-epimerase.

uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid
uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) (ur′i-den-di-fos′fo-gloo-koo-ron′ik)

Uridine diphosphoglucose in which the 6-CH₂OH of the glucose has been oxidized to COOH (thus, has become a glucuronyl residue); participates in the formation of conjugates of bilirubin or drugs such as aspirin.

uridine diphosphoxylose
uridine diphosphoxylose

SYN: xylose.

uridrosis
uridrosis (u-ri-dro′sis)

The excretion of urea or uric acid in the sweat. [uri- + G. hidros, sweat]
u. crystallina SYN: urea frost.

uridylic acid
uridylic acid (ur-i-dil′ik)

Uridine esterified by phosphoric acid on one or more sugar hydroxyl groups; UMP is typically uridine 5′-monophosphate; 2′ and 3′ derivatives also occur; precursor for the biosynthesis of other pyrimidine nucleotides. SYN: UMP synthase, uridine 5′-monophosphate.
u. synthase a bifunctional enzyme that contains the activities of both orotate phosphoribosyltransferase and orotidine-5′-monophosphate decarboxylase; catalyzes a key step in pyrimidine biosynthesis; a deficiency of this enzyme leads to orotic aciduria.

uridyltransferase
uridyltransferase (ur′i-dil-trans′fer-as)

UDPglucose-hexose 1-phosphate; uridylyltransferase.

uriesthesia
uriesthesia (uri-es-the′ze-a)

SYN: uresiesthesia.

urin- urin-, urino-

Urine. SEE ALSO: ure-, uro-. [G. ouron]

urinal
urinal (u′rin-al)

A vessel into which urine is passed.

urinalysis
urinalysis (u-ri-nal′i-sis)

Analysis of the urine.

urinary
urinary (ur′i-nar-e)

Relating to urine.

urinate
urinate (ur′i-nat)

To pass urine. SYN: micturate.

urination
urination (ur′i-na′shun)

The passing of urine. SYN: miction, micturition (1) , uresis.
stuttering u. the passage of urine in jets caused by intermittent spasmodic contraction of the bladder.

urine
urine (ur′in)

The fluid and dissolved substances excreted by the kidney. [L. urina; G. ouron]
ammoniacal u. SYN: ammoniuria.
black u. the dark u. of melanuria or hemoglobinuria.
chylous u. u. of a milky appearance, containing chyle. SYN: milky u..
cloudy u. u. with a cloudy appearance, usually due to pus, crystals, bacteria, blood, or free fat globules. SYN: nebulous u..
crude u. pale u. of low specific gravity, with very little sediment.
febrile u. dark colored, concentrated u. of strong odor, passed by one suffering from fever. SYN: feverish u..
feverish u. SYN: febrile u..
gouty u. u. of a high color containing uric acid in excess.
honey u. obsolete term for diabetes mellitus.
maple syrup u. maple syrup u. disease.
milky u. SYN: chylous u..
nebulous u. SYN: cloudy u..
residual u. u. remaining in the bladder at the end of micturition in cases of prostatic obstruction, bladder atony, etc.

uriniferous
uriniferous (ur-i-nif′e-rus)

Conveying urine; denoting the tubules of the kidney. [urine + L. fero, to carry]

urinific
urinific (oor-i-nif′ik)

SYN: uriniparous. [urine + L. facio, to make]

uriniparous
uriniparous (oor-i-nip′a-rus)

Producing or excreting urine; denoting the malpighian bodies and certain tubules in the renal cortex. SYN: urinific. [urine + L. pario, to produce]

urino- urino-

See urin-.

urinogenital
urinogenital (ur′i-no-jen′i-tal)

SYN: genitourinary.

urinogenous
urinogenous (ur-i-noj′e-nus)

1. Producing or excreting urine. 2. Of urinary origin. SYN: urogenous.

urinoma
urinoma (ur′i-no′ma)

A collection of extravasated urine. SYN: urinary cyst.

urinometer
urinometer (ur-i-nom′e-ter)

A hydrometer for determining the specific gravity of the urine. SYN: urogravimeter, urometer. [urine + G. metron, measure]

urinometry
urinometry (ur-i-nom′e-tre)

The determination of the specific gravity of the urine.

urinoscopy
urinoscopy (ur-i-nos′ko-pe)

SYN: uroscopy.

urinosexual
urinosexual (ur-i-no-sek′shoo-al)

SYN: genitourinary.

urinous
urinous (ur′i-nus)

Relating to or of the nature of urine.

uriposia
uriposia (ur-i-po′se-a)

Urine-drinking. [urine + G. posis, drinking]

uro- uro-

Urine. SEE ALSO: ure-, urin-. [G. ouron]

uroammoniac
uroammoniac (u-ro-a-mo′ne-ak)

Relating to uric acid and ammonia; denoting a variety of urinary calculus.

uroanthelone
uroanthelone (ur-o-an′the-lon)

SYN: urogastrone.

urobilin
urobilin (ur-o-bi′lin, -bil′in)

A uroporphyrin; an acyclic tetrapyrrole that is one of the natural breakdown products of heme via choleglobin, verdohemochrome, biliverdin, bilirubin, and d-urobilinogen; a urinary pigment that gives a varying orange-red coloration to urine according to its degree of oxidation. SYN: urohematin, urohematoporphyrin.

urobilin IXα
urobilin IXα

SYN: mesobilene.

urobilinemia
urobilinemia (u′ro-bil-i-ne′me-a)

The presence of urobilins in the blood.

urobilinogen
urobilinogen (ur-o-bi-lin′o-jen)

Precursor of urobilin.

urobilinogen IXα
urobilinogen IXα

SYN: mesobilane.

urobilinuria
urobilinuria (u′ro-bil-i-noo′re-a)

The presence in the urine of urobilins in excessive amounts, formed mainly from hemoglobin.

urocanase
urocanase (u′ro-ka-nas)

SYN: urocanate hydratase.

urocanate
urocanate (ur′o-ka-nat)

A salt or ester of urocanic acid.
u. hydratase an enzyme catalyzing the reaction of water with urocanic acid to produce 4-imidazolone-5-propionic acid, a step in l-histidine catabolism; this enzyme is absent in cases of urocanic aciduria. SYN: urocanase.

urocanic acid
urocanic acid (ur-o-kan′ik)

4-Imidazoleacrylic acid;an acid derived from the oxidative deamination of l-histidine; present in sweat and in dog's urine; elevated levels are observed in cases of urocanate hydratase deficiency. The cis form, resulting from exposure to UV radiation, activates suppressor T cells.

urocanic aciduria
urocanic aciduria (oor′o-kan′ik-as′id-ur′e-a)

Elevated levels of urocanic acid in the urine.

urocanicase
urocanicase (ur-o-kan′i-kas)

One of a group of at least three enzymes that convert urocanic acid to glutamic acid.

urocele
urocele (u′ro-sel)

Extravasation of urine into the scrotal sac. [uro- + G. kele, hernia]

urocheras
urocheras (u-rok′er-as)

1. SYN: gravel. 2. SYN: uropsammus (2) . [uro- + G. cheras, gravel (an incorrect form of cherados, gravel)]

urochesia
urochesia (u-ro-ke′ze-a)

Passage of urine from the anus. [uro- + G. chezo, to defecate]

urochrome
urochrome (ur′o-krom)

The principal pigment of urine, a compound of urobilin and a peptide of unknown structure. SYN: urian.

urochromogen
urochromogen (ur-o-kro′mo-jen)

Originally, a body in the urine that, on taking up oxygen, formed urochrome; now, probably urobilinogen.

urocrisia
urocrisia (u-ro-kris′e-a, -kriz′e-a)

1. SYN: urocrisis. 2. Obsolete term for diagnosis based upon the results of a urinary examination. [uro- + G. krino, to separate, judge]

urocrisis
urocrisis (u′ro-kri′sis)

1. Obsolete term for the critical stage of a disease accompanied by a copious discharge of urine. 2. Severe pain in any of the urinary organs or passages occurring in tabes dorsalis. SYN: urocrisia (1) . [uro- + G. krisis, crisis]

urocyanin
urocyanin (u′ro-si′a-nin)

An indigo blue pigment sometimes observed in the urine in certain diseases, especially scarlet fever. SYN: uroglaucin. [uro- + G. kyanos, a blue substance]

urocyanogen
urocyanogen (u-ro-si-an′o-jen)

A blue pigment sometimes observed in the urine in cases of cholera.

urocyanosis
urocyanosis (u′ro-si-a-no′sis)

A bluish discoloration of the urine in indicanuria.

urocyst
urocyst (u′ro-sist)

SYN: urinary bladder. [uro- + G. kystis, bladder]

urocystic
urocystic (u′ro-sis′tik)

Relating to the urinary bladder.

urocystis
urocystis (u′ro-sis′tis)

SYN: urinary bladder.

urodynamics
urodynamics (u′ro-di-nam′iks)

The study of the storage of urine within, and the flow of urine through and from, the urinary tract. [uro- + G. dynamis, force]

urodynia
urodynia (ur-o-din′e-a)

Pain on urination. [uro- + G. odyne, pain]

uroenterone
uroenterone (ur-o-en′ter-on)

SYN: urogastrone.

uroerythrin
uroerythrin (u-ro-er′i-thrin)

A urinary pigment that gives a pink color to deposits of urates; presumably derived from melanin. SYN: purpurin (1) , urerythrin.

uroflavin
uroflavin (ur-o-fla′vin)

A fluorescent product of riboflavin catabolism, or perhaps riboflavin itself, found in mammalian urine and feces.

uroflowmeter
uroflowmeter (u-ro′flo-me-ter)

A device that measures urine flow rates during micturition, including these parameters: peak flow rate, average flow rate, voided volume, and time of voiding.

urofollitropin
urofollitropin (ur-o-fol′i-tro-pin)

A preparation of gonadotropin extracted from the urine of postmenopausal women, used in conjunction with human chorionic gonadotropin to induce ovulation. SEE ALSO: menotropins.

urofuscohematin
urofuscohematin (u-ro-fus-ko-he′ma-tin)

A brownish red pigment found in the urine in certain diseases such as leprosy.

urogastrone
urogastrone (ur-o-gas′tron)

A fluorescent pigment extracted from urine; an inhibitor of gastric secretion and motility. Cf.:enterogastrone. SYN: anthelone U, anthelone, uroanthelone, uroenterone.

urogenital
urogenital (u′ro-jen′i-tal)

SYN: genitourinary.

urogenous
urogenous (u-roj′e-nus)

SYN: urinogenous.

uroglaucin
uroglaucin (u-ro-glaw′sin)

SYN: urocyanin. [uro- + G. glaukos, bluish gray]

urogonadotropin
urogonadotropin (ur′o-go-nad-o-tro′pin)

See human menopausal gonadotropin.

urograffin
urograffin (ur-o-graf′fin)

A mixture of salts of diatrizoic acid used to form density gradients.

urogram
urogram (ur′o-gram)

The radiographic record obtained by urography.

urography
urography (u-rog′ra-fe)

Radiography of any part (kidneys, ureters, or bladder) of the urinary tract. SEE ALSO: pyelography. [uro- + G. grapho, to write]
antegrade u. radiography following intravenous or percutaneous injection of contrast agent with a needle or catheter into the renal calices or pelvis (antegrade pyelography), or into the urinary bladder (antegrade cystography).
cystoscopic u. SYN: retrograde u..
intravenous u., excretory u. radiography of kidneys, ureters, and bladder following injection of contrast medium into a peripheral vein.
retrograde u. radiography of the urinary tract following injection of contrast medium directly into the urethra, bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis. SYN: cystoscopic u..

urogravimeter
urogravimeter (u′ro-gra-vim′e-ter)

SYN: urinometer. [uro- + L. gravis, heavy, + G. metron, measure]

urohematin
urohematin (ur-o-hem′a-tin)

SYN: urobilin.

urohematoporphyrin
urohematoporphyrin (ur′o-hem′a-to-por′fi-rin)

SYN: urobilin.

uroheparin
uroheparin (ur-o-hep′a-rin)

An inactive form of heparin excreted in the urine.

urohypertensin
urohypertensin (ur′o-hi-per-ten′sin)

A pressor substance derived from the urine.

urokinase
urokinase (ur-o-ki′nas)

SYN: plasminogen activator.

urolagnia
urolagnia (ur-o-lag′ne-a)

Sexual stimulation occasioned by the sight of a person urinating. [uro- + G. lagneia, lust]

uroleucinic acid
uroleucinic acid, uroleucic acid (u′ro-loo-sin′ik, u-ro-loo′sik)

An aromatic compound, excreted in the urine of persons with alcaptonuria.

urolith
urolith (u′ro-lith)

SYN: urinary calculus. [uro- + G. lithos, stone]

urolithiasis
urolithiasis (u-ro-li-thi′a-sis)

Presence of calculi in the urinary system.

urolithic
urolithic (u-ro-lith′ik)

Relating to urinary calculi.

urolithology
urolithology (u′ro-li-thol′o-je)

The branch of medicine concerned with the formation, composition, effects, and removal of urinary calculi. [uro- + G. lithos, stone, + logos, study]

urologic
urologic, urological (u-ro-loj′ik, i-kal)

Relating to urology.

urologist
urologist (u-rol′o-jist)

A specialist in urology. SYN: genitourinary surgeon.

urology
urology (u-rol′o-je)

The medical specialty concerned with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the genitourinary tract. [uro- + G. logos, study]

urolutein
urolutein (u-ro-loo′te-in)

Name given to yellow pigment in the urine. See urochrome, uroporphyrin (1) .

uromelanin
uromelanin (ur-o-mel′a-nin)

A black pigment occasionally found in the urine, possibly a decomposition product of urochrome.

urometer
urometer (u-rom′e-ter)

SYN: urinometer.

uroncus
uroncus (u-rong′kus)

A urinary cyst; a circumscribed area of extravasation of urine. [uro- + G. onkos, mass (tumor)]

uronic acids
uronic acids (u-ron′ik)

Acids derived from monosaccharides by oxidation of the primary alcohol group (–CH₂OH) farthest removed from the carbonyl group to a carboxyl group (–COOH); e.g., glucuronic acid.

uronoscopy
uronoscopy (u-ro-nos′ko-pe)

SYN: uroscopy.

uropathy
uropathy (u-rop′a-the)

Any disorder involving the urinary tract. [uro- + G. pathos, suffering]
obstructive u. any pathologic condition, anatomic or functional, of the urinary tract caused by obstruction.

urophanic
urophanic (ur-o-fan′ik)

Appearing in the urine; denoting any constituent, normal or pathologic, of the urine. [uro- + G. phaino, to appear]

urophein
urophein (u-ro-fe′in)

A grayish pigment occasionally found in the urine, possibly identical with urobilin. [uro- + G. phaios, gray]

uropoiesis
uropoiesis (u′ro-poy-e′sis)

The production or secretion and excretion of urine. [uro- + G. poiesis, a making]

uropoietic
uropoietic (u′ro-poy-et′ik)

Relating or pertaining to uropoiesis.

uroporphyrin
uroporphyrin (ur-o-por′fi-rin)

1. Porphyrin excreted in the urine in porphyrinuria; e.g., urobilin. 2. Class name for all porphyrins containing 4 acetic acid groups and 4 propionic acid groups in positions 1 through 8. SEE ALSO: porphyrinogens.
u. I porphin-1,3,5,7-tetraacetic acid-2,4,6,8-tetrapropionic acid;formed by the action of light on uroporphyrinogen I; elevated levels observed in certain porphyrias.
u. III porphin-1,3,5,8-tetraacetic acid-2,4,6,7-tetrapropionic acid;formed by the action of light on uroporphyrinogen III; elevated levels observed in certain porphyrias.

uroporphyrinogen
uroporphyrinogen (ur′o-por-fi-rin′o-jen)

See porphyrinogens.
u. decarboxylase an enzyme that participates in heme biosynthesis; it catalyzes the decarboxylation of uroporphyrin III to produce coproporphyrinogen III; it also acts on uroporphyrin I; a deficiency of this enzyme will result in either porphyria cutanea tarda or hepatoerythropoietic porphyria.
u. III cosynthase an enzyme in heme biosynthesis that participates in the formation of u. III; a deficiency of this protein results in congenital erythropoietic porphyria.

uropsammus
uropsammus (u-ro-sam′us)

1. SYN: gravel. 2. Any inorganic or uratic urinary sediment. SYN: urocheras (2) . [uro- + G. psammos, sand]

uropterin
uropterin (u-rop′ter-in)

SYN: urothion.

uropurpurin
uropurpurin (ur-o-pur′poor-in)

A purple pigment in the urine.

uroradiology
uroradiology (u′ro-ra-de-ol′o-je)

The study of the radiology of the urinary tract.

urorectal
urorectal (u′ro-rek′tal)

Relating to the urinary tract and rectum.

urorosein
urorosein (ur-o-ro′ze-in)

A chromogen in the urine that forms a red color on the addition of nitric acid; normally exists in very minute quantities but is increased in tuberculosis and other wasting diseases, and is related to ingestion of indole compounds.

urorubin
urorubin (ur-o-roo′bin)

A red pigment in urine made more visible by treatment with hydrochloric acid.

urorubrohematin
urorubrohematin (ur′o-roo-bro-he′ma-tin)

A reddish pigment occasionally present in the urine in various chronic diseases.

uroschesis
uroschesis (u-ros′ke-sis)

1. Retention of urine. 2. Suppression of urine. [uro- + G. schesis, a checking]

uroscopic
uroscopic (ur-o-skop′ik)

Relating to uroscopy.

uroscopy
uroscopy (u-ros′ko-pe)

Examination of the urine, usually by means of a microscope. SYN: urinoscopy, uronoscopy. [uro- + G. skopeo, to view]

urosemiology
urosemiology (u′ro-sem-e-ol′o-je)

The study of the urine as an aid to diagnosis. [uro- + G. semeion, a sign, + logos, study]

urosepsin
urosepsin (ur-o-sep′sin)

An obsolete term for a substance formed by the decomposition of urine, supposed to be the cause of septic poisoning after urinary extravasation.

urosepsis
urosepsis (ur-o-sep′sis)

1. Sepsis resulting from the infection of extravasated urine. 2. Sepsis from obstruction of infected urine. [uro- + G. sepsis, decomposition]

urospectrin
urospectrin (ur-o-spek′trin)

A pigment found in the urine, possibly the same as urobilin.

urothelium
urothelium (u-ro-the′le-um)

The epithelial lining of the urinary tract. [uro- + epithelium]

urothion
urothion (ur-o-thi′on)

A sulfur-containing pteridine derivative isolated from urine. SYN: uropterin.

urothorax
urothorax (ur-o-thor′aks)

The presence of urine in the thoracic cavity, usually following complex multiple organ injuries.

uroxanthin
uroxanthin (ur-o-zan′thin)

SYN: indican (2) .

uroxin
uroxin (u-rok′sin)

SYN: alloxantin.

ursodeoxycholic acid
ursodeoxycholic acid

SYN: ursodiol.

ursodiol
ursodiol (er-so-di′ol)

A bile acid used to facilitate the dissolution of gallstones in patients; a potential alternative to cholecystectomy. SYN: ursodeoxycholic acid.

urtica
urtica (er-ti′ka, er′ti-)

The herb, U. dioica (family Urticaceae); a weed, the leaves of which produce a stinging sensation when touching the skin. It has been used as a diuretic and hemostatic in metrorrhagia, epistaxis, and hematemesis. SYN: nettle. [L. a nettle, fr. uro, pp. ustus, to burn]

urticant
urticant (er′ti-kant)

Producing a wheal or other similar itching agent. [L. urtica, nettle; see urtica]

urticaria
urticaria (er′ti-kar′i-a)

An eruption of itching wheals, usually of systemic origin; it may be due to a state of hypersensitivity to foods or drugs, foci of infection, physical agents (heat, cold, light, friction), or psychic stimuli. SYN: hives (1) , urtication (2) . [L. urtica]
acute u. SYN: febrile u..
u. bullosa an eruption of wheals capped with subepidermal vesicles. SYN: u. vesiculosa.
cholinergic u. a form of physical or nonallergic u. initiated by heat ( e.g., hot baths, physical exercise, pyrexia, exposure to sun or to a warm room) or by excitement; the rather distinctive lesions consist of pruritic areas 1–2 mm in diameter surrounded by bright red macules. SYN: heat u..
chronic u. a form of u. in which the wheals recur frequently, or persist. SYN: u. chronica.
u. chronica SYN: chronic u..
cold u. wheal formation that develops after exposure to lowered temperatures, with or without demonstrable passive-transfer antibodies.
u. endemica, u. epidemica u. caused by the nettling hairs of certain caterpillars.
factitious u. SYN: dermatographism.
febrile u. u. accompanied by mild fever. SYN: acute u..
giant u. SYN: angioedema.
heat u. SYN: cholinergic u..
u. hemorrhagica u. bullosa in which the serous exudate contains blood.
u. maculosa a chronic form of u. with lesions of a red color and little edema.
u. medicamentosa an urticarial form of drug eruption.
papular u. a sensitivity reaction to insect bites, especially human and pet fleas, seen mostly in young children as wheals followed by papules on exposed areas.
u. perstans a form of chronic u. in which the wheals persist unchanged for long periods; includes urticarial vasculitis.
u. pigmentosa cutaneous mastocytosis resulting from an excess of mast cells in the superficial dermis, producing a chronic eruption characterized by flat or slightly elevated brownish papules which urticate when stroked. The disease in children frequently involutes spontaneously whereas resolution is rare with adult onset and there may be systemic lesions. SEE ALSO: diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis.
pressure u. u. of unknown etiology occurring after local pressure on the skin.
solar u. a form of u. resulting from exposure to sunlight; some patients have passive-transfer antibodies and others do not.
u. subcutanea u. in which itching is present without the wheals.
u. vesiculosa SYN: u. bullosa.
vibratory u. a form of u. that occurs in response to vibratory stimuli.

urticarial
urticarial (er-ti-kar′e-al)

Relating to or marked by urticaria.

urticate
urticate (er′ti-kat)

1. To perform urtication. 2. Marked by the presence of wheals. [L. urticatus]

urtication
urtication (er-ti-ka′shun)

1. A burning sensation resembling that produced by urticaria or resulting from nettle poisoning. 2. SYN: urticaria. [L. urticatio]

urushiol
urushiol (oo′roo-she-ol)

A mixture of nonvolatile hydrocarbons, derivatives of catechol with unsaturated C₁₅ or C₁₇ side chains, constituting the active allergen of the irritant oil of poison ivy, Toxicodendron radicans, poison oak, T. diversilobum, and the Asiatic laquer tree, T. verniciferum. [Jap. urushi, lac, + L. oleum, oil]
u. oxidase SYN: laccase.

USAN
USAN

Abbreviation for United States Adopted Names.

Usher
Usher

Barney D., Canadian dermatologist, 1899–1978. See Senear-U. disease, Senear-U. syndrome.

Usher
Usher

Charles Howard, English ophthalmologist, 1865–1942. See U. syndrome.

USP
USP

Abbreviation for United States Pharmacopeia. See Pharmacopeia.

USPHS
USPHS

Abbreviation for United States Public Health Service.

ustilaginism
ustilaginism (us-ti-laj′i-nizm)

Poisoning by Ustilago maydis (corn smut), which produces burning, itching, hyperemia, acrocyanosis, and edema of the extremities; resembles ergotism, pellagra, or infantile acrocynia.

Ustilago
Ustilago (us-ti-la′go)

A genus of smuts (order Ustilaginales). [L. a kind of thistle, fr. ustio, a burning]
U. maydis a smut species that resembles ergot of rye in its metabolic action; its black spores on the ears of corn are dispersed by wind and can cause contamination of laboratory cultures. SYN: corn ergot, corn smut, U. zeae.
U. zeae SYN: U. maydis.

ustulation
ustulation (us-tu-la′shun)

1. Separation of compounds by heat, as in the process of freeing ores from sulfur by roasting. 2. Drying of a drug by heat to prepare it for pulverization. [L. ustulo, pp. -atus, to scorch]

usurpation
usurpation (u′ser-pa′shun)

Assumption of pacemaker function of the heart by a subsidiary focus as a result of its own increased automaticity; e.g., accelerated junctional pacemaker takes command when it exceeds the sinus rate. [L. usurpo, pp. -atus, to seize]

uta
uta (oo′ta)

A mild form of New World or American cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania peruana, occurring in the high Andean valleys of Peru and Bolivia, and characterized by numerous small dermal lesions occurring almost exclusively on exposed skin surfaces; the dog is an important reservoir. Unlike all other forms of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, this disease is found at high elevations (2000–2500 m) in barren open country, rather than in lowland tropical forests. [Sp.]

uter- uter-

See utero-.

uterine
uterine (u′ter-in, u′ter-in)

Relating to the uterus.

utero- utero-, uter-

The uterus. SEE ALSO: hystero- (1) , metr-. [L. uterus]

uteroabdominal
uteroabdominal (u′ter-o-ab-dom′i-nal)

Relating to the uterus and the abdomen. SYN: uteroventral.

uterocervical
uterocervical (u′ter-o-ser′vi-kal)

Relating to the cervix of the uterus.

uterocystostomy
uterocystostomy (u′ter-o-sis-tos′to-me)

Formation of a communication between the uterus (cervix) and the bladder. [utero- + G. kystis, bladder, + stoma, mouth]

uterofixation
uterofixation (u′ter-o-fik-sa′shun)

SYN: hysteropexy.

uteroglobin
uteroglobin

steroid-inducible, evolutionarily conserved, homodimeric secreted protein with many biological activities including a proinflammatory effect, inhibition of soluble lipoprotein-lipase A₂, and chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes. It binds to several putative receptors on several cell types and inhibits cellular invasion of the extracellular matrix. It is found in blood and urine, uterus and numerous other tissues but not kidneys. In mice u. has been shown to bind to fibronectin (Fn), preventing Fn self-aggregation and subsequent abnormal tissue deposition, especially in glomeruli. It is essential for maintaining normal renal function in mice. SYN: bastokinin.

uteroglobin-adducin
uteroglobin-adducin

An α/β heterodimeric protein found in renal tubule cells, thought to regulate ion transport through channels in the actin cytoskeleton. A mutant allele has been found in some patients with hypertension and it may be associated with the salt sensitive form of essential hypertension.

uterolith
uterolith (u′ter-o-lith)

SYN: uterine calculus. [utero- + G. lithos, stone]

uterometer
uterometer (u-ter-om′e-ter)

SYN: hysterometer.

utero-ovarian
utero-ovarian (u′ter-o-o-var′e-an)

Relating to the uterus and an ovary.

uteroparietal
uteroparietal (u′ter-o-pa-ri′e-tal)

Relating to the uterus and the abdominal wall.

uteropelvic
uteropelvic (u′ter-o-pel′vik)

Relating to the uterus and the pelvis.

uteropexy
uteropexy (u′ter-o-pek-se)

SYN: hysteropexy.

uteroplacental
uteroplacental (u′ter-o-pla-sen′tal)

Relating to the uterus and the placenta.

uteroplasty
uteroplasty (u′ter-o-plas-te)

Plastic surgery of the uterus. SYN: hysteroplasty, metroplasty. [utero- + G. plastos, formed]

uterosacral
uterosacral (u′ter-o-sa′kral)

Relating to the uterus and the sacrum.

uterosalpingography
uterosalpingography (u′ter-o-sal-pin-gog′ra-fe)

SYN: hysterosalpingography.

uteroscope
uteroscope (u′ter-o-skop)

SYN: hysteroscope.

uteroscopy
uteroscopy (u-ter-os′ko-pe)

SYN: hysteroscopy.

uterotomy
uterotomy (u-ter-ot′o-me)

SYN: hysterotomy.

uterotonic
uterotonic (u′ter-o-ton′ik)

1. Giving tone to the uterine muscle. 2. An agent that overcomes relaxation of the muscular wall of the uterus. [utero- + G. tonos, tone, tension]

uterotropic
uterotropic (u′ter-o-tro′pik)

Causing an effect on the uterus.

uterotubal
uterotubal (u′ter-o-too′bal)

Pertaining to the uterus and the uterine tubes.

uterotubography
uterotubography (u′ter-o-too-bog′ra-fe)

SYN: hysterosalpingography.

uterovaginal
uterovaginal (u-ter-o-vaj′i-nal)

Relating to the uterus and the vagina.

uteroventral
uteroventral (u′ter-o-ven′tral)

SYN: uteroabdominal. [utero- + L. venter, belly]

uteroverdine
uteroverdine (u′ter-o-ver′din)

Biliverdin from dog placenta.

uterovesical
uterovesical (u′ter-o-ves′i-kal)

Relating to the uterus and the urinary bladder.

uterus
uterus, pl .uteri (u′ter-us, u′ter-i) [TA]

The hollow muscular organ in which the impregnated ovum is developed into the child; it is about 7.5 cm in length in the nonpregnant woman, and consists of a main portion (body) with an elongated lower part (cervix), at the extremity of which is the opening (external os). The upper rounded portion of the u., opposite the os, is the fundus, at each extremity of which is the horn marking the part where the uterine tube joins the u. and through which the ovum reaches the uterine cavity after leaving the ovary. The organ is passively supported in the pelvic cavity by the cardinal ligaments and by the anteflexion and anteversion of the normal u., which places its mass superior to the bladder; it is actively supported by the tonic and phasic contraction of the muscles of the pelvic floor. SYN: metra, womb. [L.]
u. acollis a u. with atresia or absence of the cervix.
anomalous u. a malformed u. caused by abnormal development or fusion of the paramesonephric ducts.
arcuate u. a u. with a depression at the fundus; an incomplete u. bicornis. SYN: u. arcuatus.
u. arcuatus SYN: arcuate u..
bicornate u. a u. that is more or less completely divided into two lateral horns as a result of imperfect union of the paramesonephric ducts; it differs from septate u., in which there is no external mark of separation; in bicornate u., the cervix may be single (u. bicornis unicollis) or double (u. bicornis bicollis). SYN: bifid u., u. bicornis, u. bifidus.
u. bicornis SYN: bicornate u..
u. bicornis bicollis bicornate u..
u. bicornis unicollis bicornate u..
bifid u. SYN: bicornate u..
u. bifidus SYN: bicornate u..
biforate u. septate u. in which the cervix is divided into two by a septum. SYN: double-mouthed u., u. biforis.
u. biforis SYN: biforate u..
u. bilocularis SYN: septate u..
bipartite u. SYN: septate u..
u. bipartitus SYN: septate u..
cordiform u. an incomplete u. bicornis with a wedge-shaped depression at the fundus. SYN: heart-shaped u., u. cordiformis.
u. cordiformis SYN: cordiform u..
Couvelaire u. extravasation of blood into the uterine musculature and beneath the uterine peritoneum in association with severe forms of abruptio placentae. SYN: uteroplacental apoplexy.
u. didelphys double u. with double cervix and double vagina; due to failure of the paramesonephric ducts to unite. [G. di-, two, + delphys, womb]
double-mouthed u. SYN: biforate u..
duplex u. any u. with double lumen (u. didelphys, u. bicornis bicollis, or septate u.). SYN: u. duplex.
u. duplex SYN: duplex u..
gravid u. the condition of the u. in pregnancy.
heart-shaped u. SYN: cordiform u..
incudiform u. u. bicornis in which the fundus between the two cornua is broad and flat. SYN: triangular u., u. incudiformis, u. triangularis.
u. incudiformis SYN: incudiform u..
masculine u. SYN: prostatic utricle.
u. masculinus SYN: prostatic utricle.
one-horned u. obsolete term for unicorn u..
u. parvicollis a u. of normal size with an abnormal, disproportionately small cervix.
septate u. a u. divided into two cavities by an anteroposterior septum. SYN: bipartite u., u. bilocularis, u. bipartitus, u. septus.
u. septus SYN: septate u..
subseptate u. an incomplete u. septus. SYN: u. subseptus.
u. subseptus SYN: subseptate u..
triangular u. SYN: incudiform u..
u. triangularis SYN: incudiform u..
unicorn u. a u. in which only one lateral half exists, the other half being undeveloped or absent. SYN: u. unicornis.
u. unicornis SYN: unicorn u..

UTI
UTI

Abbreviation for urinary tract infection.

utility
utility

In biomedical ethics and clinical decision analysis, the satisfaction or economic advantage gained from the outcome that results from a particular decision.

UTP
UTP

Abbreviation for uridine 5′-triphosphate.

utricle
utricle (oo′tri-kl) [TA]

SYN: utriculus [TA] , sacculus communis.
prostatic u. [TA] a minute pouch in the prostate that opens on the summit of the seminal colliculus, the analog of the uterus and vagina in the female, being the remains of the fused caudal ends of the paramesonephric ducts. SYN: utriculus prostaticus [TA] , masculine uterus, Morgagni sinus (2) , sinus pocularis, uterus masculinus, vagina masculina, vesica prostatica, Weber organ.
u. of vestibular labyrinth [TA] the larger of the two membranous sacs in the vestibule of the labyrinth, lying in the elliptical recess; from it arise the semicircular ducts.

utricular
utricular (u-trik′u-lar)

Relating to or resembling a utricle.

utriculi
utriculi (oo-trik′u-li)

Plural of utriculus.

utriculitis
utriculitis (u-trik-u-li′tis)

Inflammation of the internal ear. [utriculus + G. -itis, inflammation]

utriculosaccular
utriculosaccular (u-trik′u-lo-sak′u-lar)

Relating to the utricle and the saccule of the labyrinth, denoting especially a duct connecting the two structures.

utriculus
utriculus, pl .utriculi (oo′trik′u-lus, -li) [TA]

SYN: utricle. SEE ALSO: vestibular labyrinth. [L. dim. of uter, leather bag]
u. prostaticus [TA] SYN: prostatic utricle.

utriform
utriform (u′tri-form)

Shaped like a leather bottle (wineskin). [L. uter, a skin bag, + forma, form]

UV
UV, uv

Abbreviation for ultraviolet.

UVA
UVA

Abbreviation for ultraviolet A.

uvaeformis
uvaeformis (u-ve-for′mis)

SYN: vascular lamina of choroid. [L. uva, grape, + forma, form]

uva ursi
uva ursi (oo′va er′si)

The dried leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (family Ericaceae), bearberry, mountain box, a common plant of the north temperate zone; contains antiseptic glycosides, arbutin, methylarbutin, and tannins; has been used in chronic inflammations of the urinary tract. [L. uva, grape + ursus, bear]

UVB
UVB

Abbreviation for ultraviolet B.

uvea
uvea (oo′ve-a)

SYN: vascular layer of eyeball. [L. uva, grape]

uveal
uveal (oo′ve-al)

Relating to the uvea.

uveitic
uveitic (u-ve-it′ik)

Relating to the uvea.

uveitides
uveitides (u-ve-it′i-dez)

Plural of uveitis.

uveitis
uveitis, pl .uveitides (u-ve-i′tis, -it′i-dez)

Inflammation of the uveal tract: iris, ciliary body, and choroid. [uvea + G. -itis, inflammation]
anterior u. inflammation involving the ciliary body and iris.
Förster u. syphilitic inflammation, with diffuse nodules involving the choroid and retinal vasculitis.
Fuchs u. SYN: heterochromic u..
heterochromic u. anterior u. and depigmentation of the iris. SYN: Fuchs u..
intermediate u. a u. that is neither anterior nor posterior but tends to involve the pars plana and the ciliary body.
lens-induced u. SYN: phacoanaphylactic u..
phacoanaphylactic u. intraocular inflammation occurring after extracapsular cataract extraction;probably an immune reaction to the patient's liberated lenticular proteins. SYN: lens-induced u..
phacogenic u. u. secondary to hypermature cataract.
posterior u. SYN: choroiditis.
sympathetic u. a bilateral inflammation of the uveal tract caused by a perforating wound of one eye that injures the uvea.

uveoencephalitis
uveoencephalitis (u′ve-o-en-sef-a-li′tis)

SYN: Harada syndrome.

uveoscleritis
uveoscleritis (u′ve-o-skle-ri′tis)

Inflammation of the sclera involved by extension from the uvea.

uviform
uviform (oo′vi-form)

SYN: botryoid. [L. uva, grape, + forma, form]

uviofast
uviofast (u′ve-o-fast)

Not weakened or destroyed by subjection to ultraviolet radiation. SYN: uvioresistant. [uviol (ultraviolet), + fast]

uviol
uviol (u′ve-ol)

A special kind of glass more than usually transparent to ultraviolet or actinic rays, e.g., crystalline quartz. [ultraviolet]

uviometer
uviometer (u-ve-om′e-ter)

An instrument for measuring ultraviolet radiation. [uviol (ultraviolet), + meter]

uvioresistant
uvioresistant (u′ve-o-re-zis′tant)

SYN: uviofast.

uviosensitive
uviosensitive (u′ve-o-sen′si-tiv)

Sensitive to ultraviolet rays. [uviol (ultraviolet) + sensitive]

uvitex 2B
uvitex 2B

A fluorescent stain that reacts with chitin; useful in the diagnosis of microsporidian or cryptosporidium infections.

uvomorulin
uvomorulin (u-vo-mo′roo-lin)

A transmembrane protein that links plasma membranes of adjacent cells together in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner; aids in maintaining the rigidity of the cell layer. SYN: E-cadherin. [L. uva, bunch of grapes, + Mod. L. morula, dim. of L. morum, fr. G. moron, mulberry, + -in]

uvul- uvul-

See uvulo-.

uvula
uvula, pl .uvuli (u′vu-la, -li) [TA]

An appendant fleshy mass; a structure bearing a fancied resemblance to the palatine u.. [Mod. L. dim. of L. uva, a grape, the u.]
bifid u. bifurcation of the u., constituting a partially cleft soft palate.
u. of bladder [TA] a slight projection into the cavity of the bladder, usually more prominent in old men, just behind the urethral opening, marking the location of the middle lobe of the prostate. SYN: u. vesicae [TA] , Lieutaud u..
u. cerebelli SYN: u. [TA] of cerebellum.
u. [TA] of cerebellum a triangular elevation on the vermis of the cerebellum, lying between the two tonsils anterior to the pyramis. SYN: u. cerebelli, u. vermis.
Lieutaud u. SYN: u. of bladder.
u. palatina [TA] SYN: u. of soft palate.
palatine u. SYN: u. of soft palate.
u. of soft palate [TA] a conical projection from the posterior edge of the middle of the soft palate, composed of connective tissue containing a number of racemose glands, and some muscular fibers (uvulae muscle). SYN: u. palatina [TA] , palatine u., pendulous palate.
u. vermis SYN: u. [TA] of cerebellum.
u. vesicae [TA] SYN: u. of bladder.

uvulaptosis
uvulaptosis (u′vu-lap-to′sis)

SYN: uvuloptosis.

uvular
uvular (u′vu-lar)

Relating to the uvula.

uvularis
uvularis (u′vu-la′ris)

SYN: muscle of uvula.

uvulatome
uvulatome (u′vu-la-tom)

SYN: uvulotome.

uvulectomy
uvulectomy (u-vu-lek′to-me)

Excision of the uvula. SYN: staphylectomy. [uvula + G. ektome, excision]

uvulitis
uvulitis (u-vu-li′tis)

Inflammation of the uvula.

uvulo- uvulo-, uvul-

The uvula. SEE ALSO: staphylo-. [L. uvula]

uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (u′vu-lo-pal′a-to-fa-rin′go-plas-te)

SYN: palatopharyngoplasty.

uvulopalatoplasty
uvulopalatoplasty (u′vu-lo-pal′a-to-plas-te)

SYN: palatoplasty.

uvuloptosis
uvuloptosis (u′vu-lop-to′sis)

Relaxation or elongation of the uvula. SYN: falling palate, staphylodialysis, staphyloptosis, uvulaptosis. [uvulo- + G. ptosis, a falling]

uvulotome
uvulotome (u′vu-lo-tom)

An instrument for cutting the uvula. SYN: uvulatome.

uvulotomy
uvulotomy (u-vu-lot′o-me)

Any cutting operation on the uvula. [uvulo- + G. tome, a cutting]