Hypothermia

Alternative names:

cold exposure; low body temperature

Definition:

An abnormal and dangerous condition in which the temperature of the body is below 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Centigrade).

Considerations:

The people most likely to experience hypothermia are those who are very old, very young, or very lean; those who have heart or circulation problems; and people who are hungry, tired, or under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.

Hypothermia is one of the body's remarkable responses to cold and can actually protect the brain and heart.

Causes:

Hypothermia is usually caused by prolonged exposure to cold. When more heat is lost than the body can generate, hypothermia can result.

Common causes include:

• falling overboard from a boat into cold water
• being outside with an uncovered head in winter
• wearing wet clothing for a prolonged period of time in windy weather, heavy exertion, or poor fluid or food intake. This can also cause hypothermia even in above-freezing temperatures.