Pseudomembranous colitis

Alternative names:

antibiotic associated colitis; colitis - pseudomembranous; necrotizing colitis

Treatment:

The antibiotic causing the condition should be stopped. Therapy with metronidazole or vancomycin may be initiated. Rehydration with oral electrolyte solutions or intravenous therapy may be indicated to replace fluids lost by diarrhea.

Expectations (prognosis):

The outcome is generally good without complications.

Complications:

• perforation (hole) of the colon
• dehydration with electrolyte imbalance
• toxic megacolon

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if persistent diarrhea develops or blood in the stool is noted after taking antibiotics.

Call your health care provider if severe abdominal pain, dehydration (dry skin, dry mouth, glassy appearance of the eyes, sunken fontanelles in infants, rapid pulse, confusion, excessive tiredness), or other new symptoms develop.