Acute cholecystitis

Definition:

A sudden inflammation of the gallbladder that causes severe abdominal pain.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

In 90% of cases, acute cholecystitis is caused by the presence of gallstones obstructing the duct leading from the gallbladder. Trauma or previous surgery may be other causes. The trapped bile becomes concentrated and causes irritation and pressure build-up in the gallbladder. This can lead to bacterial infection and perforation. The attack often follows a large or fatty meal. Gallstones occur more frequently in women than men, and the incidence increases with age in both sexes. Native Americans and diabetics have a higher incidence of gallstones. The incidence is 2 out of 10,000 people.