Hyperthyroidism
Alternative names:
overactive thyroid; thyrotoxicosis
Definition:
An imbalance in metabolism that occurs from overproduction of thyroid hormone.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors:
The thyroid gland is located in the neck and produces several hormones that regulate growth, digestion, and the use of nutrients (metabolism). It is part of the endocrine system.
The thyroid gland responds to complex mechanisms to control the rates of hormone secretion.
Hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis results from excess quantities of thyroid hormone within the body. Rather than being classified as a specific disease, it is classified as a syndrome that describes the characteristics resulting from this condition. The causes of hyperthyroidism include Graves' disease; tumors of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, testes or ovaries; inflammation of the thyroid from a viral infection or other inflammation; ingestion of excessive amounts of thyroid hormone; and ingestion of excessive iodine. Graves' disease accounts for 85% of all cases of hyperthyroidism.
Risk factors are associated with the causes. The incidence is 1 out of 1,000 people.
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