Multiple myeloma

Alternative names:

malignant plasmacytoma; multiple plasmacytoma of bone; myelomatosis; plasma cell myeloma

Treatment:

The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms, but there is no curative therapy. Complete remission is unusual. People who have mild disease or in whom the diagnosis is in doubt are usually observed without treatment.

Chemotherapy with alkylating agents and localized radiation therapy for relief of bone pain or treating a bone tumor may be useful. Bone marrow transplantation in younger patients is experimental, but the long-term results of this treatment are not known.

Symptoms of high serum calcium levels are treated, and dehydration is avoided to optimize kidney function.

The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group where members share common experiences and problems. See cancer - support group.

Expectations (prognosis):

Median survival of people with multiple myeloma is 3 years.

Complications:

• renal failure
• increased susceptibility to infection (especially pneumonia)
• paralysis from tumor or spinal cord compression

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if you experience decreased urine output.

Call your health care provider if you have multiple myeloma and infection develops, or numbness or loss of movement or loss of sensation develops.