Otitis externa; acute
Alternative names:
acute otitis externa; ear infection, external - acute; external ear infection - acute; infection of the external ear; swimmer's ear - acute
Treatment:
The goal of treatment is cure of the infection.
The ear canal should be cleaned of drainage to allow topical medications to work effectively.
Topical application of ear drops containing antibiotics to fight infection and corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation is usually effective. Ear drops should be used abundantly (four or five drops at a time) since too much is harmless while too little may not penetrate to the end of the ear canal. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be applied in the ear to allow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Fungal infections may be treated with sulfa-type powders applied to the external ear.
Occasionally, oral medications may be used in addition to the topical medications. Analgesics may be used if pain is severe. Warmth to the ears may reduce pain.
Protect ears from further damage. Do not scratch the ears or insert cotton swabs or other objects in the ears. Keep ears clean and dry, and do not let water enter the ears when showering, shampooing, or bathing. A 1:1 mixture of rubbing alcohol and distilled vinegar put in the ear canal with a dropper will help dry it out and prevent recurrences.
Expectations (prognosis):
Otitis externa responds well to treatment. It may recur. If untreated, complications may develop.
Complications:
Calling your health care provider:
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of acute otitis externa develop.
Call your health care provider if the symptoms worsen or persist despite treatment, or if new symptoms appear including pain and redness of the skull behind the ear or persistent fever.
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