CMV gastroenteritis/colitis
Alternative names:
colitis - cytomegalovirus; gastroenteritis - cytomegalovirus;
esophagitis - cytomegalovirus; gastrointestinal CMV disease
Prevention:
The risk of CMV infection in people who are antibody negative
and subsequently receive an organ from a CMV positive donor
is significant. Both ganciclovir (Cytovene®) and valacyclovir
(Valtrex®) given orally as prophylaxis have been demonstrated
to decrease the incidence of new infection or reactivation
in patients who have received organ or bone marrow transplants
as well as in patients with AIDS. Cytomegalovirus hyperimmune
globulin may be given to bone
marrow transplant or renal
transplant recipients who fail to respond to antiviral
therapy.
References
- Klauber E, Briski LE, Khatib R. Cytomegalovirus colitis
in the immunocompetent host: An overview. Scand J Infect
Dis, 30:559-64, 1998.
- Vega R, Bertran X, Menacho M, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection
in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Amer J Gastroenterol,
94:1053-6, 1999.
- Buckner FS and Pomeroy C. Cytomegalovirus disease of the
gastrointestinal tract in patients without AIDS. Clin Inf
Dis, 17:644-56, 1993.
- Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease,
6th Edition. WB Saunders Co., 1998.
- Lowance D, Neumayer HH, Legendre CM, et al. Valacyclovir
for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal
transplantation. New Engl J Med, 340:1462-70, 1999.
- Crumpacker CS. Ganciclovir. New Engl J Med, 335:721-729,
1996.
- Spector SA, McKinley GF, Lalezari JP, et al. Oral ganciclovir
for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in persons
with AIDS. New Engl J Med, 334:1491-7, 1996.
Update Date: 05/08/00
Ronald J. Lew, MD Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Division, Gastroenterology - Fellow
VeriMed Healthcare Network
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