Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Alternative names:

ALS; Lou Gehrig's disease

Treatment:

There is no known cure for ALS. Treatment is aimed at control of symptoms. Baclofen or diazepam may be used to control the spasticity the interferes with activities of daily living. Trihexyphenidyl or amitriptyline may be prescribed for people with impaired ability to swallow saliva.

Physical therapy, rehabilitation, use of appliances (such as braces or a wheelchair), or orthopedic intervention may be required to maximize muscle function and general health.

Choking is common and there may be an early need for placement of a tube into the stomach for feeding (gastrostomy). A referal to an otolaryngologist may be advised.

Emotional support is vital in coping with the disorder, because mental functioning is not affected. Groups such as the ALS society may be available to assist in coping with the disorder. See ALS - support group.

Expectations (prognosis):

There is progressive loss of ability to function or care for oneself. Death often occurs within 2 to 10 years; about 20% live longer than 5 years.

Complications:

• loss of ability to care for self
• aspiration of food/fluid, pneumonia
• respiratory failure (See adult respiratory distress syndrome)

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if symptoms indicate ALS, particularly if there is a family history of the disorder.

Call your health care provider if ALS has been diagnosed and symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop. Increased difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, and episodes of apnea are symptoms that require immediate attention.