Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

Alternative names:

hemorrhage - intracerebral (hypertensive)

Treatment:

Treatment goals include lifesaving interventions and life support measures, supportive measures, and control of symptoms.

Surgical removal of the hematoma may be appropriate, especially if there is a hematoma in the base of the brain (cerebellum). Surgical placement of a shunt to drain the area may be recommended in some cases.

Medications include antihypertensive medications to control blood pressure; corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, or diuretics, to reduce brain swelling; anticonvulsants to control seizures; and analgesics to control pain.

Expectations (prognosis):

The probable outcome is highly variable and depends on the size and location of the bleed. Recovery can occur completely or with any level of permanent loss of brain function. Medications, surgery, and treatments can have severe side effects. Death can occur rapidly despite prompt medical attention.

Complications:

• permanent loss of any brain function
• side effects of medications and treatments
• complications of surgery

Calling your health care provider:

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a severe condition requiring immediate medical attention. It can develop quickly into a life-threatening situation!

Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if symptoms of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage occur. Emergency symptoms include difficulty breathing, seizures, loss of consciousness, inability to speak, and swallowing difficulties.