Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Alternative names:

obsessive-compulsive neurosis; OCD

Treatment:

The treatment aim is to reduce anxiety, resolve inner conflicts, and provide effective ways of reducing stress.

Medications used to treat anxiety disorders include sedative or sleep inducing drugs, antihistamines, and minor tranquilizers. These medications act on the central nervous system to reduce the feelings of anxiety and associated symptoms. The calming effect is induced by a state of sedation and drowsiness. A common class of antianxiety medications are the benzodiazepines. Newer antidepressants, such as Prozac, have been used to reduce the intensity of the symptoms. Clomipramine (Anafranil) may also be used to treat this condition.

Intensive long-term psychotherapy, or group therapy are treatment alternatives.

Behavioral therapies are often employed and may include several of the following:

• aversion therapy--application of a painful stimulus when the obsession occurs to stop the associated behavior
• thought stopping--teaching the person to stop unwanted thoughts and focus attention on relieving anxiety
• flooding--frequent exposure to an object that triggers symptoms.

Expectations (prognosis):

Obsessions and compulsions may seriously affect occupational and social functioning. The disorder may be chronic, with remissions and flare-ups. Symptoms can usually be treated to a level that allows the person to lead a normal life.

Complications:

Physical health can be compromised by some repetitive behaviors and rituals.

Calling your health care provider:

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if your obsession is interfering with daily life, work, or relationships; or if your compulsion is preventing you from leaving the house or enjoying specific activities.