Congenital hypothyroidism

Alternative names:

cretinism

Treatment:

Early diagnosis is imperative. Most of the effects of hypothyroidism are easily reversible. However, critical development of the nervous system takes place in the first few months after birth. The absence of thyroid hormones may result in irreversible damage to the nervous system with marked mental retardation.

Replacement therapy with thyroxine is the standard approach to treatment of hypothyroidism. Once medication starts, the blood levels of T3 and T4 are monitored to keep the values within a normal range.

Expectations (prognosis):

Very early diagnosis generally results in a good outcome for the infant, in terms of growth and mental capability. Newborns diagnosed and treated in the first month to month and a half generally develop normal intelligence. Absence of thyroid hormone during early life gives a poor outlook in terms of mental development.

Complications:

• mental retardation
• growth retardation

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if you feel your child shows signs or symptoms of hypothyroidism or if you are pregnant and are exposed to antithyroid drugs or procedures.