Kwashiorkor
Alternative names:
malignant malnutrition.; protein malnutrition, protein-calorie malnutrition
Treatment:
Treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition. Shock requires immediate treatment with restoration of blood volume and maintenance of blood pressure.
Calories are given early in the form of carbohydrates, simple sugars, and fats. Proteins are given after other caloric sources have already provided increased energy. Vitamin and mineral supplements are essential. Since the child will have been without much food for a long period of time, starting oral feedings, especially if the caloric density is too high at first, can presents problems. Food must be reintroduced slowly, carbohydrates first to supply energy followed by protein foods.
Many children will have developed intolerance to milk sugar (lactose intolerance) and will need to be supplemented with the enzyme lactase if they are to benefit from milk products.
Expectations (prognosis):
Treatment early in the course of kwashiorkor produces good results. Treatment of kwashiorkor in its late stages will improve the child's general health but the child may be left with permanent physical problems and intellectual disabilities.
Complications:
Calling your health care provider:
Although very unlikely to be seen in industrialized countries, the signs and symptoms of kwashiorkor may suggest child abuse.
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