Head and face reconstruction

Alternative names:

craniofacial reconstruction; orbital-craniofacial surgery

Risks:

Risks for any anesthesia are:

• reactions to medications
• problems breathing

Risks for any surgery are:

• bleeding
• infection

Additional risks of surgery of the head and face are:

• nerve damage (cranial nerve dysfunction)
• permanent scarring
• partial or total loss of bone grafts
• need for follow-up surgery