Gynecomastia

Alternative names:

breast development in a male

Definition:

The development of prominent breast tissue in the male.

Considerations:

The most common cause of gynecomastia in the male is puberty. The condition may occur in one or both breasts and begins as a small lump beneath the nipple, which may be tender. The breasts often enlarge unevenly. Gynecomastia during puberty is not uncommon, is self-limiting, and usually goes away over a period of months.

In newborns, breast development may be associated with milk flow (galactorrhea). This condition usually lasts for a couple of weeks and in rare cases may persist until the child is two years old. It is caused by exposure to maternal hormones.

Other causes of gynecomastia include exposure to estrogens, androgens (often taken secretly for body building). marijuana, and some medications. Rare causes include tumors, genetic defects, and chronic liver disease.

Common causes:

• puberty
• exposure to estrogen hormone
• exposure to androgen hormones
• marijuana use
• tumors
• genetic disorders
• chronic liver disease
• side effects of some medications

Note: There may be other causes of gynecomastia. This list is not all inclusive, and the causes are not presented in order of likelihood. The causes of this symptom can include unlikely diseases and medications. Furthermore, the causes may vary based on age and gender of the affected person, as well as on the specific characteristics of the symptoms such as quality, time course, aggravating factors, relieving factors, and associated complaints. Use the Symptoms Analysis option to explore the possible explanations for gynecomastia, occurring alone or in combination with other problems.