Buccal smear

Alternative names:

sex chromatin test

How the test is performed:

Cells are collected by scraping the tongue with a spatula. The cells are then placed on a slide and the sample is taken to the laboratory for evaluation.

How to prepare for the test:

No preparation is necessary for this test.

How the test will feel:

You will feel a scraping sensation as cells are removed from the tongue.

Why the test is performed:

In the past, this test was used to indicate:

• abnormal sexual development
• ambiguous genitalia
• amenorrhea
• suspected chromosomal abnormalities

Today, a health care provider who suspects any of these abnormalities is most likely to perform a full chromosome analysis (called karyotyping).

The buccal smear is primarily used in the Olympics or other sporting event if the authorities believe a man is trying to compete as a woman.