Salivary gland biopsy
Alternative names:
biopsy - salivary gland
How the test is performed:
There are several pairs of salivary glands in different locations: a major pair in front of the ears (parotid glands); two major pair on the floor of the mouth (sublingual and submaxillary glands); and several minor pairs within the lips, cheeks, and tongue.
One method of salivary gland biopsy is a needle biopsy. The skin over the gland is scrubbed. A local anesthetic may (or may not) be injected, then a needle is inserted into the gland. A small "core" of gland tissue is removed with the needle and sent to the laboratory for analysis.
A biopsy can also be performed when all or part of a salivary gland is removed because of a tumor. An examination of excised (removed) tissue can help to determine the type of tumor.
How to prepare for the test:
For a needle biopsy, there is no special preparation, although fasting for a few hours may be advised. For surgical excision of a tumor, preparation is like any major surgery, including fasting for 6 to 8 hours.
Infants and children:
The physical and psychological preparation you can provide for this or any test or procedure depends on your child's age, interests, previous experience, and level of trust. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics as they correspond to your child's age:
How the test will feel:
During a needle biopsy, there may be some stinging or burning if a local anesthetic is injected. Insertion of the biopsy needle may cause pressure or mild discomfort, which should only last for 1 or 2 minutes. Afterward, the area may feel tender or be bruised for a few days.
Why the test is performed:
This test may be performed to confirm the presence of Sjogren syndrome or to determine the cause of lumps or abnormal growths of the salivary glands.
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