Testicular self-examination

Normal values:

The testicle feels firm but not hard. The surface is smooth. There are no lumps or bumps. One testicle may be lower and/or larger than the other.

What abnormal results mean:

If a small hard lump (like a pea) or an enlarged testicle is found, consult the health care provider immediately. It may be testicular cancer.

Consult the health care provider also if:

• one or both testicles are not located (the testicles may not have descended properly)
• there is a soft collection of thin tubes above the testicle (may be varicocele, or a collection of dilated veins)
• there is pain or swelling in the scrotum (it may be an infection or a blockage of blood to the area)