Allergic reactions
Definition:
A sensitivity to a specific substance, called an allergen,
that is contacted through the skin, lungs, swallowing, or
injection.
Considerations:
Allergic reactions are fairly common. They occur more often
in people with a family history of allergies.
Most reactions happen soon after contact with an allergen.
Most of these reactions are mild and can be treated at home.
Substances that don't bother most of us (such as venom from
bee stings and various
foods, medications, and pollens) can trigger allergic reactions
in some people. While first time exposure may only produce
a mild reaction, repeated exposures may lead to more serious
reactions. Once a person is sensitized (has had a previous
sensitivity reaction), even a very limited exposure to an
allergen can trigger a severe reaction.
Allergic reactions vary. They can be mild or serious. They
can be confined to a small area of the body or affect the
entire body. Most occur within seconds or minutes after exposure
to the allergen, but some can occur after days or weeks.
Anaphylaxis is a sudden
and severe allergic reaction that occurs within minutes of
exposure, PROGRESSES RAPIDLY and can lead to anaphylactic
shock and death within 15 minutes if medical intervention
is not obtained.
Common causes:
Common allergens include:
- Plants
- Pollens
- Animal dander
- Foods, especially nuts and shellfish
- medications
- Insect bites
- Bee stings or stings
from other insects
Updated Date: 02/09/00
Updated by:
J. Gordon Lambert, MD, Associate Medical Director,
Utah Health Informatics and adam.com
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