Bronchiectasis

Alternative names:

acquired bronchiectasis; congenital bronchiectasis

Definition:

Bronchiectasis is an acquired disorder of the large bronchi (airways) which become dilated after destructive infections of the lungs. Rarely, it may be congenital.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Bronchiectasis is caused by recurrent inflammation or infection of the airways and primarily affects children, although any age may be affected. It may be present at birth, but most often begins in childhood as a complication from infection or foreign body aspiration. Cystic fibrosis, lung infections, and bronchial tumors are some predisposing factors. Symptoms may develop gradually after an infection, and become progressively worse. Symptoms vary widely with the individual. The incidence is 1 in 10,000 people.