Dilated cardiomyopathy

Alternative names:

cardiomyopathy - dilated

Treatment:

Hospitalization may be required until acute symptoms subside. Treatment is focused on relief of symptoms. Digitalis or other cardiac medications, diuretics, nutritional supplements, and other medications may be prescribed to reduce symptoms. The underlying disorder (cause) should be treated.

A low-salt diet may be prescribed and fluid may be restricted in some cases. Activity may often continue as tolerated. A heart transplant may be considered if the heart function is very poor. Daily monitoring of body weight may be advised. Weight gain of 3 or 4 pounds or more over 1 or 2 days may indicate fluid accumulation. Finally, stop smoking and stop drinking alcohol. These habits make the symptoms worse.

Expectations (prognosis):

The outcome varies. Some affected individuals remain in a stable condition for long periods, some deteriorate gradually, and some deteriorate rapidly. Cardiomyopathy is correctable only if the underlying disease can be cured. It is incurable if the underlying disease cannot be corrected.

Complications:

• congestive heart failure
• cardiac arrhythmias, including lethal arrhythmias
• pulmonary edema
• side effects of medications, including:
  • low blood pressure (hypotension)
  • lightheadedness, fainting
  • lupus reaction
  • headache
  • GI (gastrointestinal) upset
  • digitalis toxicity

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if symptoms indicate cardiomyopathy may be present.

Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if chest pain, palpitations, faintness or other new or unexplained symptoms develop.