Duodenal ulcer

Alternative names:

peptic ulcer; peptic ulcer disease; ulcer; ulcer - duodenal; ulcer - peptic

Definition:

A sore (ulcer) on the lining of the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine, connecting to the stomach). See also gastric ulcer; benign.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

According for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 90% of duodenal ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacterium. This common, spiral-shaped bacterium can weaken the protective mucus coating of the duodenum, allowing acid and bacteria to ulcerate the sensitive lining underneath. About two-thirds of the world's population is infected with H. pylori, but most of those infected do not exhibit symptoms related to the infection. Chronic or long-term use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can also cause duodenal ulcers. Although rare, ulcers are sometimes caused by stomach or pancreatic cancer.

Duodenal ulcers are not caused by spicy foods or stress.

According to the National Institutes of Health, as many as 10% of the population will experience a peptic ulcer (gastric or duodenal) at some point in their lives. Duodenal ulcers occur more frequently in men than in women.

Risk factors for duodenal ulcers include H. pylori infection, NSAID use, family history of peptic ulcer, group O blood type, and being over age 30. Duodenal ulcers are also associated with cigarette smoking.