Osteoarthritis

Alternative names:

degenerative joint disease; DJD; hypertrophic osteoarthritis; osteoarthrosis

Treatment:

OVERVIEW:
The goals of treatment are to relieve pain, maintain or improve joint mobility, increase the strength of the joints, and minimize the disabling affects of the disease. The specific treatment depends upon the affected joint(s).

MEDICATIONS:
Medications used to treat osteoarthritis include a variety of nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). A two-week trial period is necessary to evaluate the benefit of a particular medication.

Steroids, which are injected directly into the joint, may also be used.

SURGERY:
Surgical treatment to replace or repair damaged joints is indicated in severe, debilitating disease. Surgery options may include:

• arthroplasty (total or partial replacement of the deteriorated joint with an artificial joint--see knee arthroplasty, hip arthroplasty)
• arthrodesis (surgical fusion of bones, usually in the spine)
• osteoplasty (scraping deteriorated bone from the joint)
• osteotomy (change in the alignment of a bone to relieve stress on the bone or joint)

LIFESTYLE CHANGES:
Exercises are important to maintain joint and overall mobility. Physical therapists and occupational therapists can prescribe an appropriate home exercise treatment. Exercises in water are often effective for increasing mobility.

Heat and cold treatments, protection of the joints, the use of self-help devices and rest are all recommended.

Good nutrition and careful weight control are important. Weight loss for overweight individuals will decrease the mechanical strain placed on the joints of the lower extremities.

OTHER THERAPY:
Physical therapy or occupational therapy may be beneficial.

Support groups:

The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group where members share common experiences and problems. See arthritis - support group.

Expectations (prognosis):

Disability with osteoarthritis is less common than with rheumatoid arthritis, but movement may become very limited. Treatment generally improves function.

Complications:

• joint deformities
• disability

Calling your health care provider:

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of osteoarthritis.

Picture:
P0072.pctBone X-ray