Hydrocele

Alternative names:

processus vaginalis

Treatment:

Hydroceles are usually not dangerous, and they are usually only treated when they cause discomfort or embarrassment, or they get so large that they present a threat to the testicular blood supply. Treatment options include needle aspiration of the fluid or surgery.

Hydroceles associated with an inguinal hernia should be repaired surgically as quickly as possible. Hydroceles that do not clear up spontaneously over a period of months should be evaluated for possible surgery.

MEDICATIONS:
Injection of sclerosing (thickening or hardening) medications (such a tetracycline, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, or urea) may be performed after needle aspiration to obliterate (close off) the opening through the scrotal sac and thus prevent re-accumulation of fluid. Possible complications after aspiration and sclerosing include infection, fibrosis, and mild to moderate pain in the scrotal area.

SURGERY:
Hydrocelectomy is the surgical procedure often performed to correct a hydrocele. This is a minor surgical procedure that is performed on an outpatient basis using general or spinal anesthesia. You will return from surgery with a scrotal drainage tube in place and a large bulky dressing to the scrotal area. You will be advised to wear a scrotal support for some time after surgery. Ice packs should be kept to the area for the first 24 hours after surgery to reduce the swelling in the area.

Possible complications of this procedure include hematoma (blood clot formation), abscess, or injury to the scrotal tissue or structures.

ASPIRATION:
Aspiration (removal of fluid with a needle) of the fluid in the scrotum is another possibility, but surgery is generally preferred over this option. Aspiration can cause infection, and the fluid frequently re-accumulates. Aspiration, however, may be the best alternative for people who are poor surgical risks.

Expectations (prognosis):

Generally, a simple hydrocele goes away without intervention.

If surgery is necessary, it is a simple procedure for a skilled surgeon and an excellent outcome is expected.

Complications:

The presence of an inguinal hernia requires surgery.

Calling your health care provider:

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you have symptoms of hydrocele (to rule out other causes of a testicle lump).