Transient tic disorder

Alternative names:

simple tics; tic

Definition:

A disorder characterized by single or multiple motor tics (brief, rapid, repetitive movements often resembling nervous mannerisms) that occur almost every day for 4 weeks.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

Transient tic disorder is common in children. Five to twenty four percent of all school age children have had tics. The cause of transient tic disorder (short-lived, temporary tic) is either organic or psychogenic. The child may have facial tics or tics involving movement of the arms, legs, or other areas. Tics appear to get worse with emotional stress and are absent while sleeping.

Tics may be precipitated in predisposed children with ADHD when they are given methylphenidate (Ritalin). This antihyperactive drug does not cause the tic but precipitates it. Withdrawal of the drug, however, may not stop the tic once it has been initiated.