Obstructive sleep apnea
Alternative names:
sleep apnea - obstructive
Treatment:
The objective of treatment is to keep the airway open to prevent apneic episodes during sleep.
Weight management (or intentional weight loss) and the avoidance of alcohol and sedatives at bedtime may achieve the desired results in some individuals. If these measures are unsuccessful in stopping sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP), involving the use of a specially designed mask worn over the nose and mouth at night, may be prescribed. Mechanical devices inserted into the mouth at night to keep the jaw forward are being studied as a form of treatment. Oxygen therapy in select cases may achieve the desired results.
Surgery to remove excess tissue at the back of the throat (called a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty or UPPP), to remove enlarged tonsils or adenoids (see tonsillectomy, T and A), or to create an opening in the trachea to bypass the obstructed airway during sleep (tracheostomy) may be indicated if anatomical causes are present.
Expectations (prognosis):
Treatment is not always successful. Frequently, people are unable to lose weight and are not always compliant with therapy.
Complications:
Calling your health care provider:
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea are present. If you have this condition, call for an appointment if symptoms do not improve with treatment, or if new symptoms develop.
Decreased consciousness, extreme somnolence, hallucinations, personality changes, and persistent confusion can indicate an urgent or emergency situation.
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