Amniotic Fluid
Alternative names:
liquor amnii
Information:
Definition:
A clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the unborn baby (fetus) during pregnancy; it is contained in the amniotic sac.
Discussion:
The fetus floats in the amniotic fluid. During pregnancy the amniotic fluid increases in volume as the fetus grows. At full term (40 weeks gestation) there is approximately 1000 ml. of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby. This fluid is circulated by the baby every 3 hours. It accomplishes numerous functions for the fetus, including:- protects from outside injury by cushioning sudden blows or movements
- allows for freedom of fetal movement and permits musculoskeletal development
- maintains a relatively constant temperature for the environment surrounding the fetus
- protects the fetus from heat loss
- is a source of oral fluid to the fetus
- allows for symmetrical growth and development of the fetus
An excessive amount of amniotic fluid is called polyhydramnios. This condition often accompanies multiple pregnancy (twins or triplets), or some congenital defect such as hydrocephalus. An abnormally small amount of amniotic fluid is known as oligohydramnios. This condition can cause deformities in the fetus.
The fluid provides a great deal of knowledge concerning the sex, state of health, and maturity of the fetus. Removal of a sample of the fluid is called amniocentesis.
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