Spinal surgery - lumbar
Alternative names:
lumbar laminectomy
Definition:
Surgery to correct problems with the spinal bones (vertebrae), disks, or nerves of the lower back (lumbar spine). See also spinal fusion; spinal surgery - cervical.
Description:
The spine is made of bones (vertebrae) separated by soft cushions (disks). Pressure on the nerves that branch off of the spinal cord can produce pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness and may be caused by: Patients with spinal pain in the neck or back are usually treated conservatively before surgery is considered. Bedrest, traction, anti-inflammatory medications (nonsteroid and steroid), physical therapy, braces, and exercise are often prescribed. Maintaining good health, muscle strength, and good body posture with appropriate rest and exercise help prevent unnecessary strain on the spine and muscles.
The surgery is done while the patient is deep asleep and pain-free (general anesthesia). For the neck (cervical spine), an incision may be made either in the back of the neck (posterior cervical) or in the front side of the neck (anterior cervical), depending on the location of the problem. For the lower back (lumbar spine), an incision is made over the trouble area. The bone that curves around and covers the spinal cord (lamina) is removed (laminectomy) and the tissue that is causing pressure on the nerve or spinal cord is removed. The hole through which the nerve passes can be enlarged to prevent further pressure on the nerve. Sometimes, a piece of bone (bone graft) or metal rods (such as Harrington rods) may be used to strengthen the area of surgery.
Indications:
Symptoms of lumbar spine problems include: - pain that extends (radiates) from the back to the buttocks or back of thigh
- pain that interferes with daily activities
- weakness of legs or feet
- numbness of legs, feet, or toes
- loss of bowel of bladder control
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