Addison's disease
Alternative names:
adrenal insufficiency; adrenocortical hypofunction; chronic adrenocortical insufficiency
Treatment:
Replacement therapy with corticosteroids will control the symptoms of this disease; however, these drugs must be continued for life. Usually a combination of glucocorticoids (cortisone or hydrocortisone) and mineralocorticoids (fludrocortisone) are given.
Medication may need to be increased during times of stress. Infection, injury, or profuse sweating may cause an adrenal crisis.
In adrenal crisis, an intravenous or intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone must be given immediately. Supportive treatment of low blood pressure is usually necessary.
Most people with Addison's disease are taught to give themselves an emergency injection of hydrocortisone in times of stress. It is important for the individual with Addison's disease to always carry a medical identification card that states the type of medication and the proper dose needed in case of an emergency.
Never omit medication. If unable to retain medication due to vomiting, notify the health care provider. Also report sudden weight gain or fluid retention to the health care provider.
Expectations (prognosis):
With adequate replacement therapy, most people with Addison's disease are able to lead normal lives.
Complications:
Complications may result from the following associated illnesses:
Calling your health care provider:
Call your health care provider if Addison's disease has been diagnosed and stress such as infection, injury, or dehydrating illness develops (medication adjustment may be indicated).
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if weight increases progressively, the ankles begin to swell, or other new symptoms develop.
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