Cervical spondylosis

Alternative names:

cervical osteoarthritis

Symptoms:

• neck pain (may radiate to the arms or shoulder)
• loss of sensation or abnormal sensations of the shoulder, arms, or (rarely) legs
• weakness of the arms or (rarely) legs
• difficulty moving the head, neck stiffness that progressively worsens
• headaches, particularly in the back of the head
• loss of control of the bladder or bowels (if spinal cord is compressed)
• loss of balance
• ear noise/buzzing
• muscle weakness (decreased muscle strength, independent of exercise) in the shoulders, arms, or hands

Signs and tests:

Progressive neck pain is a key indication of cervical spondylosis. It may be the only symptom in many cases. Examination often shows limited ability to flex the head toward the side (bend the head toward the shoulders) and limited ability to rotate the head. Weakness or sensation losses indicate damage to specific nerve roots or to the spinal cord. Reflexes are often reduced.

• A spine or neck X-ray shows abnormalities that indicate cervical spondylosis.
• A CT scan or spine MRI confirms the diagnosis.
• A myelogram (X-ray or CT scan after injection of dye into the spinal column) may be recommended to clearly identify the extent of injury.
• An EMG may also be recommended.