Renal tubular acidosis; proximal

Alternative names:

proximal renal tubular acidosis; renal tubular acidosis type II; RTA - proximal; type II RTA

Treatment:

The goal of treatment is to restore the normal pH (acid-base level) and a normal electrolyte balance to the body. This will indirectly correct bone disorders and reduce the risk of nephrocalcinosis and kidney stones. Some adults may need no treatment, but all children need alkali therapy to prevent bone disease and to permit normal growth. The underlying cause should be corrected if it can be identified.

Alkali therapy:
Alkaline medications such as sodium bicarbonate and potassium citrate are administered to correct the acidic condition of the body and to correct low potassium levels. Thiazide diuretics may indirectly increase reabsorption of bicarbonate.

Vitamin D and calcium supplements may be needed to aid in the reduction of skeletal deformities resulting from osteomalacia or rickets.

Expectations (prognosis):

Although the cause of proximal renal tubular acidosis may resolve spontaneously, the disorder must be treated to reduce its effects and complications, which can be permanent and/or life threatening. Most cases resolve successfully with treatment.

Complications:

• osteomalacia
• rickets
• nephrocalcinosis
• kidney stones
• electrolyte disturbances including (but not limited to) hypokalemia

Calling your health care provider:

Call your health care provider if symptoms indicate proximal renal tubular acidosis may be present.

Call your health care provider if new symptoms develop, including bone pain, pain in the back or flank or abdomen, skeletal deformities, increased heart rate or irregular heartbeat, muscle cramps, decreased urine output, bloody urine, or other symptoms.

Severe decrease in alertness or orientation, decreased consciousness, and seizures, are emergency symptoms that can develop.