Culdocentesis

Definition:

This procedure checks for abnormal fluid in the abdominal cavity behind the uterus (cul-de-sac).

How the test is performed:

First, a pelvic examination is done. A speculum is placed in the vagina and opened slightly to view the cervix and the area underneath the cervix. Then the cervix is grasped with an instrument and lifted slightly. A long, thin needle is inserted through the vaginal wall just below the uterus. A sample is taken of any fluid found in the space, and the needle is then withdrawn.

How to prepare for the test:

You may be asked to walk or sit for a short time before the test is done.

How the test will feel:

There may be an uncomfortable, cramping feeling when the cervix is grasped. There is a sharp, brief pain as the needle is inserted.

Why the test is performed:

This procedure is done when pain occurs in the lower abdomen and pelvic regions, and other tests suggest that fluid may be present in the cul-de-sac. This test may be done when a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or ovarian cyst is suspected. The test is now performed infrequently because of the availability and effectiveness of ultrasound examinations to detect fluid in the cul-de-sac.

Update Date: 02/09/00

Updated by: J. Gordon Lambert, MD, Associate Medical Director, Utah Health Informatics and adam.com editorial