Dengue hemorrhagic fever

Alternative names:

dengue shock syndrome; hemorrhagic dengue; Philippine hemorrhagic fever; Singapore hemorrhagic fever; Thai hemorrhagic fever

Symptoms:

Early:

• fever
• headache
• muscle aches
• joint aches
• malaise
• decreased appetite
• vomiting

Acute phase:

• shock-like state
  • sweaty (diaphoretic)
  • cold clammy extremities
  • restlessness followed by
  • symptoms worsen

• petechiae
• ecchymosis
• generalized rash

Signs and tests:

Physical examination may show:

• an enlarged liver (hepatomegaly)
• low blood pressure
• a weak, rapid pulse

Tests:

• tourniquet test (tourniquet causes petechiae below the tourniquet)
• X-ray of the chest that demonstrates plural effusion
• serologic studies that demonstrate antibodies to Dengue viruses
• acute and convalescent serum (increase in titer to Dengue antigen)
• blood gasses
• electrolytes
• coagulation studies